A History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education 6Th Edition By Robert Mechikoff – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Test Bank Chapter 3
Ancient Greece
Multiple Choice
1. What
culture(s) are generally credited for developing much of the Western World’s
philosophical orientation toward the body and Physical Education?
2. Roman
and Spanish
3. Egyptian
4. Anglo-Saxon
5. Greek
and Macedonian
6. Greek
and possibly Judaic influence
Answer: E
2. The
Greeks developed a culture that
3. emphasized
the pursuit of individual excellence in mind and body.
4. promoted
an appreciation of the arts and humanities.
5. honored
both athletic excellence and intellectual excellence.
6. All
of the above.
7. None
of the above.
Answer: D
3. The
Phoenicians, according to Labib Boutros
4. established
trading ties with the Gauls
5. Did
not enjoy sports and physical activity as did the Greeks.
6. may
have influenced some of the rituals, sports, and physical activities
that were adopted by the Greeks.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: C
4. Which
of the following is true?
5. in
Phoenician mythology, the gods Baal and Melkart competed
in chariot racing competition.
1. the
Phoenician hero – athlete Melkart was compared to the Greek hero
– athlete Heracles.
2. archeological
excavations at the ancient Phoenician city of Pasadena
have uncovered ruins that are similar to ancient Roman stadiums.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
B only.
Answer: B
5. Which
of the following is true?
6. according
to Labib Boutros, Greek sports were based on divinities and
worship rites that were borrowed from the
Egyptians.
7. Boutros
strongly implies that the Greeks borrowed religion and athletic
competitions from the Phoenicians and used these
two cultural practices
to establish the Olympic Games and other Athletic
Festivals in Greece.
8. the
Phoenicians used ritual human sacrifice to celebrate athletic success
that honored the god Melkart.
9. All
of the above
10.
A and B only.
Answer: B
6. What
two opposing ideas, according to Fairs, existed in Greece relative to the
significance of the body and ultimately Physical Education?
7. Metaphysics
and Ontology
8. Naturalistic
and Anti-naturalistic
9. Roman
sport and Cretian sport
10.
Platonic and Spartan
11.
Athenian and Cretan
Answer: B
7. According
to Fairs, which of the following is true?
8. naturalistic
ideology believed that man should have a balanced
educational program that would utilize physical education and
intellectual
education.
1. anti-naturalist
ideology believed in a viewpoint that rejected the material /
physical world, along with the body, and instead favored a world
of pure
thought that originated exclusively from the mind.
1. the
naturalistic view believed in the necessity that men seek a harmonious
balance between the spiritual, intellectual, and physical.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
C only.
Answer: D
8. Which
of the following can be attributed to Socrates and Plato?
9. their
dualistic approach to questions about human existence.
10.
they were two of the greatest philosophers of all time.
C their philosophical position of the body decisively influenced
the status and
purpose of contemporary physical education.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: D
9. Which
of the following is true? Dualism
10.
is a philosophical system that separates human existence into
three parts, mind, spirit, and body.
1. was
classically described in the writings of the Greek philosopher Stephanos.
2. is a
metaphysical position that decisively influenced the purpose
and status of contemporary physical education.
1. A and
C only.
2. All
of the above.
Answer: C
10.
With regard to dualistic thought, which of the following is
false?
11.
dualism believes that it is important to concentrate more time
and effort in
developing the mind as opposed to developing the
body. Because the mind can
form ideas which can become discoveries that
promote better living. The body
does not assist the mind in this process.
12.
through the ability to develop the mind, individuals are able to
contribute
timeless and eternal work in music, poetry,
literature, philosophy, art and
architectural forms that are so beautiful they
are still used and copied today.
13.
These “contributions” originate from the mind and do not decay.
The body will always decay and leaves nothing of
value behind; the mind can form timeless
ideas.
14.
All of the above
15.
None of the above.
Answer: D
11.
Which of the following is true?
12.
classical scholars, such as William Fleming, connect the
philosophy of
existentialism with the ancient Greeks.
1. Plato’s
philosophy is strongly tied to humanism because
Plato’s emphasis is that developing the body is always more
important than developing the mind.
1. Plato
believed in democratic ideals
2. the
Greeks viewed their gods as idealized human beings with beautiful
bodies. In order to gain favor with their gods, Greeks developed
their bodies to look like the gods, thus honoring the gods.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: D
12.
Socrates and Plato
13.
were consummate philosophers and participated in athletic
competitions.
14.
developed a metaphysical position based on dualism which
elevated
the development of the body over the development of the mind.
1. argued
in the PHAEDO that
the soul is evil and infects the mind.
2. argued
in the PHAEDO that
the body must be developed to its full potential
before the mind is able to function correctly.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: A
13.
In the PHAEDO,
Socrates
14.
describes his epistemological position – how we acquire and
validate
knowledge.
1. believes
that humans can acquire authentic and valid knowledge
through the body.
1. the
ideas we have of truth and knowledge are based on information
that we receive from our bodily senses and are very reliable.
1. describes
why physical education and athletics is vitally important to
Society.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: A
14.
In the Republic, Socrates
15.
continues to maintain his belief in dualism.
16.
believes that in order to educate the population correctly, each
person must have a “mind and body” education.
1. believes
that education should consist of gymnastics for the body and
music for the soul.
1. believes
that caring for the body is important, however, it is not equal
with caring and developing the mind–developing the mind remains
the
primary main concern.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: E
15.
Plato
16.
is the main source of information we have about Socrates.
17.
provides two views of the body based on his metaphysical
dualism.
18.
does not trust the body to provide accurate and valid information.
19.
the significance of Plato’s dualism is tied to what knowledge
actually
is and how individuals acquire their knowledge–Plato believes
that
individuals acquire knowledge through the mind–not the body.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: E
16.
The impact of Plato’s dualism on educational philosophy in
general and physical education in particular
17.
can be understood through his epistemology
18.
asks, “can accurate knowledge be achieved while in the body?”
19.
asks, “if the answer is no, how is it possible to become
educated
if it is demonstrated that the physical senses (body) can often
fool
the mind?”
1. places
the development of the mind as more important than
developing the body which is evident in contemporary educational
philosophy.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: E
17.
Which of the following is true?
18.
Charles H. McCloy believed that the development of the body,
“education of
the physical,” should be the priority of Physical Education.
1. Jesse
F. Williams believed that men and women are of an organic
unity and opposed dualism.
1. Both
McCloy and Williams believed that our physical dimension is a
significant part of our existence and should be a high priority
in
the educational curriculum.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: D
18.
Which of the following is true?
19.
Plato argues for a harmonious relationship (not an equal
relationship) between
mind and body in The Republic.
1. Boutros
argues that Greek sport was based on divinities and worship rituals
that were borrowed from the Phoenicians.
1. Physical
educators who believe in “Education Through the Physical”
believe in not only developing physical fitness but also
developing personal
relationships, positive emotional development, mental
learning, appropriate group behavior, and related social and
aesthetic
outcomes.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: D
19 Aristotle
1. studied
with Plato, was a big fan of the Olympic games and provided Olympic
officials with a revised list of the athletes who had won at
Olympia.
1. started
his own gymnasium, the Lyceum and tutored Alexander the Great.
2. is
generally recognized as the preeminent philosopher of antiquity.
3. believed
that the health of the mind was dependent upon the health of the body.
4. All
of the above.
Answer: E
20.
Aristotle’s educational curriculum at his gymnasium consisted of
21.
grammar.
22.
gymnastics.
23.
music.
24.
drawing.
25.
All of the above.
Answer: E
21.
Which of the following is true?, The Funeral Games of the
ancient Greeks
22.
were first mentioned by the Poet Homer in the Odyssey.
23.
were held to punish enemies, such as Partroclus who was killed
at Troy
24.
consisted of athletic contests which honored the deceased and
were believed to give pleasure to the gods.
1. were
to the Greeks, no other culture held funeral games.
2. All
of the above.
Answer: C
22.
The people of Crete enjoyed
23.
Sheep-Jumping.
24.
Racing sailboats
25.
Ritual sacrifice of virgins to honor Pluto
26.
All of the above.
27.
None of the above.
Answer: E
23.
With regard to the development of Greek sport
24.
the origin of Greek sport has not been clearly established by
scholars.
25.
there was a sharp distinction between amateur and professional
athletes as described by H.W. Pleket and Slowikowski.
1. there
are two predominant schools of thought of the development of
Greek sport; the traditional “rise -and- fall approach”
and the view
that Greek sport came about due to contact with other
civilizations
who practiced sport such as the Egyptians, Crete, and the
Phonecians.
1. Agon
and Arete were common arguments that were used by
philosophers who were opposed to the popularity of Greek
athletics.
1. A and
C only
Answer: E
24.
With regard to Agon and Arete, which of the following are true?
25.
according to Professor Miller, a definition of Arete would
include virtue,
skill, prowess, pride, excellence, valor, and nobility.
1. in ancient
Greece, arête was not limited to athletes.
2. there
is ample evidence that many Greek women were recognized for their
Agon and Arete.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
B only.
Answer: E
25.
With regard to the Iliad, which of the following is true?
26.
it was Plato’s greatest masterpiece.
27.
it is actually a song that the Greeks sung during important
athletic
festivals.
1. it is
the epic story of the Spartan Queen Kyneska’s victory at the Olympia
2. A and
B only.
3. None
of the above.
Answer: E
26.
According to Homer’s Illiad, which of the following is true?
27.
this poem tells the story of the kidnapping of Helen of Sparta
by the
Trojan Prince, Paris.
1. the
Trojan war lasted for 10 years and was waged over the return of one
woman, who history named “Helen of Troy.”
1. the
funeral games for Patrocolus is frequently quoted as an original source
for our understanding of ancient Greek athletic competitions.
1. the
Greeks left behind a great wooden horse that was filled with warriors who
opened the gates of Troy after the celebrating Trojans had
passed out from celebrating too much .The Greeks slaughtered the Trojans and
took Helen back to Greece.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: E
27.
Which of the following is true?
28.
Heinrich Schliemann (1822-1890) was a wealthy German businessman
who
was convinced that Troy and the Trojan War Homer described in
the
Iliad was real and not a myth.
1. he
explored the region of present day Western Turkey where he was
convinced the ancient city of Homer’s Iliad was situated and
discovered
Troy.
1. the
Temple of Athena at Troy served as a venue where athletic competitions
were held to honor the goddess Athena and were celebrated by
both the Greeks
and later on, the Romans.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
B only.
Answer: D
28.
Which of the following are false?
29.
Alexander the Great (356-323BC) stopped at Troy to honor the
hero’s of
Troy by running around the walls of the city naked and caring
the shield that
was said to have belonged to Achilles, one of the hero’s of the
Trojan War.
1. Helen
of Athens was married to Menelaus, King of Athens when the Trojan
Prince, Hector, abducted her from Athens and fled to Troy.
1. Heinrich
Schliemann was multilingual and spent several years studying
classics and archeology at the Sorbonne but never earned the
Doctor of
Philosophy degree.
1. Schliemann
married a Greek woman, Sophie and claimed to have
discovered Priam’s gold stash and photographed his wife wearing
a golden
necklace he claimed was worn by Helen of Troy.
1. None
of the above are false.
Answer: B
29.
The Panhellenic Games consisted of the
30.
Olympic Games.
31.
Nemean Games.
32.
Isthmian Games.
33.
Pythian Games.
34.
All of the above.
Answer: E
30.
Which Greek city developed both physical education and “high”
culture to a level that most scholars claim has not been achieved since?
31.
Sparta
32.
Athens
33.
Cleveland
34.
Troy
35.
Nemea
Answer: B
31.
The most brutal and violent athletic contest of the Greeks was
32.
wrestling.
33.
pankration
34.
boxing.
35.
field Marches.
36.
chariot Racing.
Answer: B
32.
Athenians, especially those influenced by Plato, believed in
33.
establishing a harmonious relationship between mind and body.
34.
a person with an out of shape, flabby body was a disgrace and
poorly educated.
1. striving
to resemble the gods (who were often depicted as perfect physical
specimens) by perfection of their physical beauty.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: D
33.
In Sparta
34.
periodic physical fitness assessments were administered to the
youth by Ephors.
1. the
exam occurred every 10 days.
2. if
any of the examined youth appeared to be fat or flabby, they
were beaten and punished.
1. All
of the above.
2. None
of the above.
Answer: D
34.
In Sparta
35.
women had more rights and freedom then Athenian women did
36.
women were ordered to develop athletic ability and engaged in
footraces, wrestling, and discus throwing.
37.
would train right along side with the men
38.
engaged in athletic competition
E. All of the
above
Answer: E
35.
In regard to Spartan woman, which of the following are true?
36.
according to Plutarch, the Spartan lawgiver Lykourgos ordered
that virgins
should compete in footraces, wrestling, and throwing the discus.
1. Lykourgos
ordered that virgins were to be molded so that all softness and
daintiness and effeminacy were removed and in
addition, were to parade
in the nude and to dance and sing at certain religious
festivals in the
presence of young men as spectators.
2. Kyniska,
daughter of the Spartan King Archidamos, entered a chariot team
in the Olympic Games of 396 B.C. and again in 392
B.C. and won both
times! She was the first woman in Greece to be
recognized as an Olympic
champion.
3. a
famous Athenian, Euripides opined that Spartan girls could not be
chaste, even if they wanted to because they use
the same race track and
palaistra as the young men do exposing
their thighs which Euripides
found disgraceful.
E.All of the above.
Answer: E
36.
Wrestling took place at specially designated “schools” known as
37.
A. Palestra’s.
38.
Gymnasium.
39.
Arena.
40.
Lyceum.
41.
Academy.
Answer: A
37.
Spartan women
38.
participated in gymnastics and were conditioned to give birth to
strong, healthy children.
1. worked
out right along side of the men, in the nude.
2. received
instruction in dance, wrestling, swimming, and horseback riding.
3. All
of the above.
4. A and
C only.
Answer: D
38.
The Heraean Games involved which of the following?
39.
were exclusively for females
40.
were held at the Olympic Stadium
41.
were administered by 16 women.The male Hellanodikai served as
judges during the competition
1. consisted
of three events, all of the events were Footraces
2. All
of the above
Answer: E
39.
With regard to Arete and Agon, which of the following is true?
40.
Arete was an honor reserved only for Olympic champions.
41.
Those athletes who were honored with Arete received great wealth
and had the
right to confer Arete on other athletes who were worthy, for a
price!
1. Agon
was a special athletic festival held only for Olympic champions
2. Was
available for women as well as men
E. None of the above
Answer: E
40.
The ancient Olympic Games were first recorded to have began in
41.
776 BC.
42.
900 BC.
43.
1896.
44.
1000 BC.
45.
None of the above.
Answer:
41.
The first recorded Olympic champion was
42.
Alexander the Great
43.
Payton Manning
44.
Plato
45.
Coroebus of Elis.
46.
Pericles of Athens
Answer: D
42.
The origins of the Olympic Games is or was
43.
based on mythology.
44.
based on religion.
45.
based on the account provided by Plato.
46.
All of the above.
47.
A and B only.
Answer: E
43.
The first Olympic Games
44.
had one event, the Stade race–a footrace of 200 meters, about
600 ancient feet.
45.
had elaborate athletic facilities.
46.
were dedicated to the god Poseidon.
47.
awarded victors wreaths of holly
48.
none of the above
Answer: A
44.
Eventually, the Olympic Games
45.
utilized a stadium that sat about 40,000 spectators.
46.
built a gymnasium, palaestra, hippodrome, temple dedicated to
Zeus, a treasury building, and held animal sacrifices.
1. built
a hotel – the Leonidaion, that could accommodate up too 50 wealthy
VIPs.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
B only.
Answer: D
45.
Which of the following is true? Under Greek rules
46.
Only male citizens of Greece could compete in the Olympic Games.
47.
Married women, with the exception of the priestess of Demeter,
were not allowed to attend the Olympic Games
48.
The athletes competed nude.
49.
The most important officials at the Olympics were the
Hellanodikai.
50.
All of the above.
Answer: E
46.
The famous Greek poet Pindar (518-446 B.C.)
47.
attended the Olympic Games
48.
was a superb athlete and won five times at Olympia.
49.
if paid enough money, wrote lyric poems known as “odes” to honor
athletes.
50.
All of the above
51.
A and C only.
Answer: E
47.
Which of the following is true?
48.
According to Miller, there is ample evidence that the Olympic
Games were
stopped once and for all in A.D. 435 by the Emperor Theodosius.
1. Miller
claims that when Emperor Theodosius II issued his decree (see above) in
A.D. 435, Greek religion and Greek athletics, already relics,
ceased completely
to play any meaningful role in society.
1. In
the Olympic Games of antiquity, virgin women were allowed to drive in the
chariot races, as the “owner”.
D. None
of the above
1. All
of the above
Answer: B
48.
The Olympic Games enforced the following rules:
49.
Athletes and their trainers had to arrive in Olympia no later
than
one month / 30 days prior to the start of the games.
1. Athletes
had to be Greek citizens.
2. Athletes
must have no criminal record.
3. Swear
to Zeus that they had trained for the
previous 10 months.
1. All
of the above.
Answer: E
49.
In 472 B.C. the Olympics
50.
reorganized into a 5 day event.
51.
devoted 2 1/2 days to competition, the remaining
2 1/2 days were devoted to religious matters.
1. added
the Marathon race
2. A and
B only.
3. All
of the above
Answer: D
50.
With regard to the Olympic Games, women
51.
could compete with the men from 146 BC onward when Rome
conquered
Greece and took control of the Olympic games
1. were
sometimes sacrificed along with 100 bulls to honor Zeus
2. who
were married to Olympic champions were allowed to attend.
3. B and
C only.
4. None
of the above.
Answer: E
51.
Which of the following is true?
52.
Olympia was a sacred place where victory in sports as well as
other occasions (such as military victories), was celebrated.
53.
The Olympic Games featured competitions not only for athletes,
but also for poets, philosophers, and musicians.
54.
Cheating was a problem during the ancient Olympics
55.
The great philosophers Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle attended
the Olympic Games but did not compete as an athletes.
56.
All of the above.
Answer: E
true/false
52.
The Greeks saw their gods as “idealized” human beings, perfect
images of
masculine and feminine beauty.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
53.
Because it was through the perfection of the body that men most
resembled gods,
the culture of the body was a spiritual as well as physical activity.
1. True
2. True
Answer: A
54.
Jesse Feiring Williams advocated “education of the physical.”
55.
True
56.
False
Answer: b
55.
Charles H. McCloy believed in “education through the physical.”
56.
True
57.
False
Answer: B
56.
Arete is the Greek word/concept that “with regard to athletic
competition, the end
justifies the means–win at all costs.”
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
57.
Professional athletes were a fact of life in ancient Greece.
58.
True
59.
False
Answer: A
58.
Physical Education programs and athletic competition were only taken
seriously
in Athens and Sparta, the rest of the Greek world ignored P.E.
and serious athletic competition
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
59.
Sparta, like Athens, believed in “education through the
physical” and appreciated
the cultural contributions of the Athenians which were displayed
in Sparta.
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
60.
Athens had lavish, private gymnasiums and palestraes that
charged fees.
61.
True
62.
False
Answer: A
61.
The Cynosarges, a private gymnasium located in Athens,
allowed non-Athenian parents to enroll their sons.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
62.
Athenian women received extensive instruction in Physical
Education, just like
Spartan women and were expected to excel in athletic
competition.
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
63.
Belistiche, the concubine of Ptolemy Philadelphos who was the
King of Egypt, is
also listed as an Olympic champion in the chariot race.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
64.
Spartan women were allowed to compete in the Olympic Games as
wrestlers after
146 B.C. primarily because the Romans who conquered Greece
relished the
thought of Spartan women competing in wrestling.
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
65.
The Olympic Games were dedicated to Athena, the chief deity of
the Greeks.
66.
True
67.
False
Answer: B
66.
Agon is a term that represents (1) the agonistic process or
“agony” that Greek
athletes experienced while engaged in strenuous physical
training. and
competition. It was also a term used to identify a place where
athletic competition
was held.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
67.
Homer made reference to agon as a meeting place where
athletic events were held.
68.
True
69.
False
Answer: A
68 Homer was a Greek
who lived sometime between 1000 to 800 B.C. and is
credited as the originator of the Illiad and the Odyssey which,
in part, reveals
Greek athletic competition in a section devoted to the Funeral
Games of Patroclus
who died during the siege of Troy.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
69 The pentathlon was
the event in the Olympic Games that featured four events –
broad jump, pankration, discus throw, and hippios competition.
The athlete who
won this event was considered the best athlete in the Greek
world.
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
70 Pindar was a famous
Greek poet who, for a fee, would compose an ode or poem to
honor victorious athletes at Olympia and other athletic
festivals.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
71 The sweat of
Olympians was a coveted product and was bottled and sold to fans
and others.
1. True
2. false
Answer: A
72.
Phillip of Macedon and his son, Alexander the great, erected the
Phillipion at
Olympia to commemorate their military victory over the Greeks.
1. True
2. False
Answer: T
73.
Victorious athletes at Olympia were crowned with a wreath of
wild celery.
74.
True
75.
False
Answer: B
74.
The winning athletes at Nemea received a crown of olives.
75.
True
76.
False
Answer: B
75.
At the Isthmian games, athletes were awarded a crown of
laurel.
76.
True
77.
false
Answer: B
76.
Athletes who won at the Pythian games received a wreath of sea
weed to
honor Poseidon who was the patron god of Delphi.
A: True
1. False
Answer: B
77 Aristotle believed that
it was essential that the rational soul be educated
because the health of the mind was dependant upon the health of
the body.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
78.
The Spartan king Lykourgos mandated that Spartan women must
undergo serious
physical training and to compete in athletic competitions.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
79.
Male children who lived in Sparta were taken from their homes at
the age of 7,
housed in the public barracks, and supervised by the Paidonomos,
who was in
charge of the Spartan educational program called the Agoge.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
80.
In contrast to Sparta, the education of Athenian youths was the
responsibility of
the family, not the state.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
81.
Athenians who could afford it, hired a Spartan Paidonomos to
teach their sons
about physical education and athletic competition.
1. True
2. False
Answer: B
82.
The athletic competitions at Olympia and Nemea were dedicated to
Zeus.
83.
True
84.
False
Answer: A
83.
Spartan women dominated the competition held at Olympia to honor
Hera, wife
of Zeus.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
84.
In The Republic, Plato presents his educational philosophy.
Among his beliefs is
that women should be trained as athletes and have the use of a
stadium and
compete in the diaulos, the ephippos. He wanted women athletes
to be decently
dressed during their competitions – not nude like the men.
1. True
2. False
Answer: A
A.
Chapter 5
Philosophy, Sport, and Physical Education in the Middle Ages:
900-1400
Select the best answer: Multiple Choice & True / False
1. Which
of the following is true?
2. The
period beginning with the tenth century and ending with the birth of the
Italian
Renaissance in the fourteenth century is known as the
Medieval Period or Middle Ages.
1. During
the Middle Ages, ascetic monks engaged in bodily mortification
in order to inhibit bodily lusts and desires and by doing so,
prepared
their soul for heaven.
1. Generally
speaking, the philosophical position of the body during the Middle Ages
reflected
theological beliefs.
1. Most
early Christians did not value their bodies and in fact, held the
body in contempt.
1. All
of the above.
Answer E
2. During
the Middle Ages
3. Christians
looked upon the Greek practice of engaging in athletics and
the desire to develop great physiques as a pagan practice.
1. the
Christians believed the Greek practice of worshiping pagan gods
by displaying their athletic prowess was proof that the Greeks
cared
more about secular matters than spiritual matters.
1. the
majority of Christians believed that to participate in athletics or engage in
physical training to glorify the body would contaminate the body which “housed”
the soul and by doing this, the soul would become impure.
2. All
of the above.
3. A and
B only.
Answer D
3. Which
of the following is true?
4. The
negative attitude that Medieval Christians had toward the body was in no small
part the
result of a reaction to the pagan practices of the Greeks who
glorified the body.
1. Conversely,
many Christian theologians would eventually come to embrace the ideas of Plato
and Aristotle who were “pagan Greeks”.
1. In
addition to the Christian influence on European civilization, Judaism and the
religion of
Islam also had a profound impact.
1. All
of the above.
2. A and
B only.
Answer D
4. When
Rome collapsed in 476 A.D.,
5. chaos
reigned and many people left Rome and sought protection from
powerful aristocrats who demanded that in exchange for
protection,
people agreed to complete allegiance and subjugation.
1. a
bleak period of history known as the Dark Ages began.
2. organized
sport and physical education during the Dark Ages was, for
the most part, nonexistent.
1. All
of the above.
2. B and
C only.
Answer D
.
5. When the Dark Ages ended and the Medieval
Period began around 900
1. metaphysical
questions were once again being discussed.
2. Christians
turned to the Church for guidance.
3. Jews
continued to seek spiritual leadership and guidance in their temples.
4. Moslems
found comfort and answers to their questions in their Mosques.
5. All
of the above.
Answer E
6. One
of the few remaining cultural institutions left intact after the fall of
Ravenna, Capitol of the Western Roman Empire, was
7. the
Christian Church.
8. the
British Empire – centered in England.
9. the
Athenian Empire.
10.
All of the above.
11.
None of the above.
Answer A
7. The
Inquisition
8. was a
religious movement directed by the Catholic Church designed to
convert nonbelievers to Christianity.
1. was a
medieval court based in part on the belief of St. Augustine that
a biblical passage (Luke 14:23) granted permission to use force
against heretics.
1. was
directed against the Marranos and the Moriscos.
2. secular
authorities were assigned the job of obtaining confessions, through torture if
necessary
1. All
of the above.
Answer E
8. Medieval
philosophy relied on the ideas of which of the following philosophers?
9. Bishop
Miller of Berkeley
10.
Aristophanes
11.
Aristotle and Plato
12.
Marcus Tillius Cicero
13.
All of the above.
Answer C
9. In
addition to the Catholic Church, which of the following groups had a significant,
both limited, impact upon medieval philosophy.
10.
Jewish and Islamic philosophers
11.
the Stoics
12.
the Epicureans
13.
Scholastics and Agnostics
14.
All of the above
Answer A
10.
Which of the following is true?
11.
Plato and Aristotle were interested in the metaphysical concepts
that were used to form the foundation of Christianity.
12.
Early Christian writers were compelled to embrace specific
attitudes / beliefs put forth by the ancient Greeks in order to reconcile Greek
philosophy with Christian theology.
13.
Not all Christians were ready to accept the merging of
Christianity with pagan Greek philosophy.
14.
All of the above.
15.
A and B only.
Answer D
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