American Corrections in Brief 3rd Edition by Todd R. Clear – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter_03_Jails_Corrections_at_the_Local_Level
1.
2. Jail
practices in the United States descend directly from feudal practices of
twelfth-century
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
3. In
the United States today, most jail inmates are young Caucasian
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
4. The
federal government currently does not operate any jails in its
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
5. Jail
populations have been in decline for the last few
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
6. Jails
are the entryway to
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
7. One
of the most startling facts about S. jails is that more than half of their
occupants are awaiting trial.
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.02 –
Describe who is in jail and why they are there.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
8. For
the most part, S. correctional leaders agree that jails do quite a lot for
inmates who have mental, emotional, or alcohol-related problems.
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
9. It is
estimated that roughly two-thirds of all jail inmates have a history of mental
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
10.
According to many scholars, a great percentage of defendants are
considered indigent and cannot afford to post
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
11.
Most inmates who are released pending trial receive more lenient
sentences than those who are
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
12.
Defendants who are regarded as dangerous or likely to commit
crimes while awaiting trial are kept in jail for society’s protection under
preventive
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
13.
According to federal and state laws, jail employees can never be
held liable for their
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
14.
Jail sentences are more for misdemeanants than they are for
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Sentenced Jail Inmate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
15.
Local jail officers are some of the best trained, educated, and
paid employees in the entire S. correctional system.
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
16.
By definition, jail terms are longer than prison
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: The
Sentenced Jail Inmate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
17.
Crowding produces problems for jail
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
18.
Jails often lack the funds to meet the standards for treating
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
19.
There is a growing emphasis on strengthening alternatives to
1. True
2. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: The
Future of the Jail
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.08 –
Critically assess the future of the jail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
20.
The idea behind the American jail system was adopted from which
country?
1. England
2. France
3. Ireland
4. Spain
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
21.
One of the most troubling trends in the S. jail system that has
occurred over the past two decades is the increasing incarceration rate for________.
1. young
white males
2. young
African American males
3. young
Hispanic males
4. young
Asian males
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
22.
Operated as facilities to detain accused people awaiting trial,
jails have customarily been run by ________.
1. state
police
2. county
sheriffs
3. state
probation departments
4. state
parole departments
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
23.
The ________ system is a system in which jail
operations are funded by a set amount paid per day for each inmate
1. pay
2. lease
3. fee
4. provider
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
24.
A ________ is a temporary holding facility (up
to 48 hours) for those who have been arrested and are awaiting an appearance in
front of a
1. day
reporting center
2. holding
camp
3. community
center
4. lockup
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
25.
According to the text, the central purpose of the early jail was
1. the
warehousing of the surplus population of immigrants
2. detention
of those sentenced by the court
3. to
detain persons awaiting trial and to shelter misfits
4. to
inflict short-term punishment (e.g., corporal punishment) on the offender
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
26.
Jails are considered to be the ________
1. bright
point of
2. entryway
to
3. dark
side of
4. ultimate
barrier to
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal justice
system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
27.
In the 1800s, the main goal of the jail began to change in
response to the ________
1. probation
2. reformatory
3. penitentiary
4. mark
system
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
28.
With the development of the ________ in the
sixteenth century, the sheriff took on added responsibilities for
vagrants and the unemployed who were sent there.
1. workhouse
2. penitentiary
3. jail
4. lockup
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: The
Contemporary Jail: Entrance to the System
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.01 –
Describe the history of the jail and its current function in the criminal
justice system.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
29.
Nationally, about ___ % of all people placed in
jail have been found to be under the influence of alcohol or an illegal drug at
the time of
1. 10
2. 25
3. 50
4. 75
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.02 –
Describe who is in jail and why they are there.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
30.
Which facility is operated under a joint agreement between two
or more government units, with a jail board drawn from representatives of the
participating jurisdictions and having varying authority over
policy, budget, operations, and personnel?
1. federal
jail
2. regional
jail
3. state
jail
4. county
jail
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.03 –
Discuss the kinds of jails in the United States.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
31.
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of privately run
jails?
1. paying
staff less to work
2. building
jails in depressed rural
3. skimpy
4. incentive
to keep the jail full
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.03 –
Discuss the kinds of jails in the United States.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
32.
Recently, there has been a major emphasis on programs to offenders
awaiting
1. punish
2. convict
3. sentence
4. release
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
33.
Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the most
significant problems jail inmates face today?
1. nutrition
2. mental
health issues
3. substance
dependency
4. legal
concerns
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
34.
The most dramatic problems posed by offenders with drug abuse
issues is during
1. withdrawal
2. the
trial
3. the
arrest
4. the
booking
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
35.
Pretrial detainees
1. have
not been convicted of the crimes they are being held
2. have
no
3. typically
have medical
4. rarely
have substance abuse
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
36.
The average delay between and arrest and sentencing is
1. about
one
2. about
two
3. more
than six
4. at
least one
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
37.
Today the most pressing medical issue in jails relates to
offenders at risk for ________, accounting for 7% of jail deaths annually in
the United
1. gonorrhea
2. suicide
3. tuberculosis
4. diabetes
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Pretrial
Detention
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.04 –
List the main issues facing jails today.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
38.
In 1984, the ________ authorized holding
allegedly dangerous defendants without bail, for what has become known as
preventive
1. Comprehensive
Crime Control Act
2. Statutory
Crime Control Act
3. Federal
Crime Control Act
4. Congressional
Crime Control Act
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
39.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three mains reasons
used to support pretrial diversion programs?
1. Diversion
is cheaper than criminal justice
2. There
is a stigma attached to being labeled a
3. Many
offenders’ crimes are caused by special problems (e.g., addiction).
4. These
programs help prevent the accused from committing further
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
40.
________ refers
to a type of jail confinement in which the accused is locked up in order to
protect the community from the potential crimes the accused may commit if
released before
1. Shock
probation
2. Preventive
detention
3. Controlled
internment
4. Defensive
confinement
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
41.
By far the most successful pretrial release program has
been ________.
1. day
reporting centers
2. percentage
bail (10%)
3. property
bonds
4. release
on recognizance (ROR)
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
42.
Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms of
preventive detention?
1. It
violates the due process provisions of the
2. The
practice is
3. Only
a small proportion of all defendants who are released pending trial are
arrested for another crime before
trial.
1. There
is a need for protection from accused
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
43.
Defendants who do not appear for a court hearing are
called _________.
1. absconders
2. air
heads
3. forgetters
4. inmates
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: The
Bail Problem and Alternatives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.05 –
Outline the problem of bail and list the main alternatives to bail.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
44.
Jail sentences are typically reserved for those who have
committed misdemeanors and minor felonies and usually do not exceed
1. a
month
2. six
weeks
3. three
months
4. a
year
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: The
Sentenced Jail Inmate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
45.
When a correctional officer uses his or her authority to deprive
an inmate of his or her rights, that inmate can sue to halt the
violation and collect
1. Miranda
2. universal
3. Federalist
4. civil
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
46.
According to the last jail census, most jail employees (72%) are
expected to perform ________ duties as their primary
1. treatment
2. educational
3. custodial
4. clerical
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.06 –
Outline the problems of jail administration.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
47.
One of the best ways to reduce ________ is to
develop specific standards for routine jail operation practices and
1. rehabilitation
2. litigation
3. recidivism
4. overcrowding
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.07 –
Describe new developments in jails and jail programs.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
48.
________ supervision
is a method of correctional management in which staff members have direct
physical contact with inmates throughout the
1. Deterrent
2. Pretrial
3. Preventive
4. Direct
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Issues
in Jail Management
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACIB.CLEA.17.03.07 –
Describe new developments in jails and jail programs.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s:
Remember
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