American Ethnicity The Dynamics and Consequences of Discrimination 7Th Edition By Adalberto – Test Bank

 

To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the link Below

 

https://tbzuiqe.com/product/american-ethnicity-the-dynamics-and-consequences-of-discrimination-7th-edition-by-adalberto-test-bank/

 

If face any problem or Further information contact us At tbzuiqe@gmail.com

 

 

Sample Test

Chapter 03

The Anglo-Saxon Core and Ethnic Antagonism

 

 

Essay Questions

1.   How did the Anglo-Saxon core become dominant?

Answers will vary

 

2.   Explain the elements of ascetic Protestantism.

Answers will vary

 

3.   Explain the French contribution to the legal tenets of the Anglo-Saxon core.

Answers will vary

 

4.   Explain how capitalism fosters the use of less expensive ethnic labor.

Answers will vary

 

 

True / False Questions

5.   Relations among ethnic groups only rarely involve relations of superordination and subordination.
FALSE

 

 

6.   The English settlers who came to America were a “pure” stock that had not been blended with other European ethnic stocks.
FALSE

 

7.   The English settlers dominated numerically for the first two centuries after the initial colonists had settled.
TRUE

 

8.   Unlike today, early settlers in America did not demand that immigrants speak English.
FALSE

 

9.   Much like today, the early colonists in America were worried about the erosion of the Anglo-Saxon core.
TRUE

 

10.                The French provided the substance to American law; the English, the broad philosophical tenets.
FALSE

 

11.                American law represents a blending of French and English legal traditions.
TRUE

 

12.                After the Revolution freed the colonies from the English Crown, the dynamic capitalism that emerged depended upon inexpensive and subordinated ethnic labor.
TRUE

 

 

13.                There was always a disjuncture in early America between constitutional principles and actual practices in local communities.
TRUE

 

14.                Public schooling was an essential part of America from the very beginning.
FALSE

 

15.                The early public schools in America were created in order to “Americanize” ethnic immigrants.
TRUE

 

16.                Early private schools in America became the model for the creation of public schools.
TRUE

 

17.                Public schools emerged in America primarily for economic reasons rather than as vehicles for “Americanizing” immigrants.
FALSE

 

18.                The emergence of private Catholic schools counteracted the dominance of northern European values and beliefs.
FALSE

 

19.                From the beginning, there was religious tolerance in America.
FALSE

 

20.                English traditions constrained how all religions were practiced.
TRUE

 

 

21.                Religious tolerance was not so much an ideal that early American settlers pursued as a necessity in order to reduce the conflict.
TRUE

 

22.                It can be said that the American economy in its early years ran on sources of inexpensive labor.
TRUE

 

23.                Even today, with two-hundred years of immigration, the descendants of the Anglo-Saxon core hold elite positions in disproportionate numbers.
TRUE

 

24.                Those that have assimilated into the Anglo-Saxon core have done better economically than those who have not.
TRUE

 

25.                Abolitionist pressures to free slaves created a sense of threat in both the South and North.
TRUE

 

26.                The Anglo-Saxon core has remained impervious to other cultures.
FALSE

 

27.                In the 17^th and 18^th centuries, Africans were enslaved and Native Americans conquered because their freedom posed a threat to the Anglo-Saxon core.
TRUE

 

 

28.                White ethnic populations that adopted the Anglo-Saxon core did not fare any better than either African Americans, Native Americans, or Mexican Americans.
FALSE

 

29.                The disproportionate representation of Anglo-Saxon descendants in elite positions has served to reinforce Anglo-Saxon beliefs, cultural climate, and institutional policies in American society.
TRUE

 

30.                The establishment of Anglo-Saxon culture and institutional structures in America did not force other cultures and institutional systems to adopt Anglo-Saxon ways.
FALSE

 

31.                English settlers were able to dominate Native Americans because they arrived in America with more developed institutional structures.
TRUE

 

32.                Tolerance for non-Protestants in America was not high, but not lower than the tolerance of various Protestant churches toward each other.
FALSE

 

33.                English religious traditions dictated how the religious traditions of non-English Protestants and non-Protestants were to be tolerated in post-Revolutionary America.
TRUE

 

34.                The schools established after the Revolution incorporated into the curriculum the social and cultural realities of non-European immigrants.
FALSE

 

 

35.                The system of private schools that existed before the American Revolution was a basis for promoting the “Americanization” of immigrants in the 19^th and 20^th centuries.
TRUE

 

36.                The post-Revolutionary establishment of a constitutional democracy in America eliminated the discriminatory treatment of ethnic populations.
FALSE

 

37.                The economic development and exploitation of land and natural resources in America increased the prosperity of England.
TRUE

 

38.                The dominant systems of symbols in America—language, values, and laws—trace their roots to the early German settlers.
FALSE

 

39.                The number and variety of languages brought to America by European immigrants transformed society into a bilingual environment.
FALSE

 

40.                Despite the European origin of early immigrants, English became the language for identifying a person as an “American.”
TRUE

 

41.                In the United States, Anglo-Saxon culture and institutions dictate what other ethnic populations must become.
TRUE

 

 

42.                The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that non-Hispanic whites will be a minority by the year 2045.
FALSE

 

43.                Because of their distinctive and different cultural traditions, it was difficult for Germans to adapt to English culture and institutions.
FALSE

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

44.                Which is not a part of the “ethnic complex” comprising the Anglo-Saxon core?
A.white skin
B. northern European stock
C. Protestant religion
D. English cultural traditions

 

45.                Which is not a Protestant-inspired value?
A.individualism
B. hard work
C. material success
D. collectivism

 

46.                Which ethnic population from the British Isles was the smallest before 1800?
A.English
B. Scots
C. Welsh
D. Irish

 

 

47.                At the close of the 18^th century, what percentage of the American population was British Isle in origin?
A.around 40 percent
B. almost 80 percent
C. around 60 percent
D. more than 90 percent

 

48.                Which was the largest non-British Isle ethnic population before 1800?
A.Germans
B. Scandinavians
C. Dutch
D. French

 

49.                Which is the least related to early capitalism in America?
A.slavery
B. killing of Native Americans
C. controlling the French advance
D. conquest of the Southwest

 

50.                “Ascetic Protestantism” does not emphasize which of the following?
A.accumulation of wealth
B. hard work and profit making
C. discipline and efficiency
D. rational pursuit of temptations

 

51.                Which was the most important reason for the creation of English settlements in America?
A.to create new patterns of commerce
B. to escape religious persecution
C. to arrest the French and Spanish advance
D. to search for quicker passage to India

 

 

52.                Which is the least correct statement about core legal tenets of the cultural core (p. 51)?
A.Substantive law is dominated by English tenets.
B. Broad constitutional principles are heavily influenced by French philosophy.
C. Rights to property are central ideas in much English law.
D. Correspondence between constitutional principles and laws has always been high.

 

53.                Which element in the American political system is more English than French in origin?
A.emphasis on decentered power
B. emphasis on equality
C. emphasis on justice
D. emphasis on checks and balances

 

54.                Which was not a goal of early American schools?
A.to Americanize all immigrants
B. to teach diversity and tolerance
C. to teach religious values
D. to teach the virtues of capitalism

 

55.                For which type of population of immigrants would discrimination most likely result in membership in the lower socioeconomic classes?
A.small, highly identifiable with entrepreneurial resources
B. large, with white skin
C. large and non-white with few resources
D. both b and c

 

56.                Which ethnic population posed a threat to the Anglo-Saxon core?
A.Germans
B. Scandinavians
C. freed slaves
D. all of the above, to some extent

 

 

57.                When the carriers of the Anglo-Saxon core are threatened by the arrival of new ethnic groups, __________ is their least likely response.
A.accommodation
B. prejudice
C. discrimination
D. all are equally likely

 

58.                Which will be the second largest ethnic population by the year 2045?
A.African Americans
B. Asians
C. Latinos
D. a and c will be about the same

 

59.                Which comes first in the cycle of discrimination against immigrants by the carriers of the Anglo-Saxon core?
A.prejudice
B. identifiability
C. threat
D. discrimination

 

60.                Germans and Scandinavians were able to adapt to the Anglo-Saxon core because
A.they spoke English.
B. they were hard workers.
C. they were Protestants and from northern Europe.
D. they kept to themselves.

 

61.                Ethnic groups pose a threat to the Anglo-Saxon core because
A.they want to displace the Anglo-Saxon core.
B. they bring different languages, beliefs, and symbol systems with them to America.
C. they are white and “Anglo-looking.”
D. all of the above.

 

 

62.                The descendants of Anglo-Saxons have maintained their control of the cultural climate in American society because
A.they have the military power to support them.
B. ethnic populations do not have an interest in shaping the cultural climate.
C. they hold a disproportionate number of elite positions in American society.
D. all of the above

 

63.                The establishment of Anglo-Saxon culture and institutional structures
A.forced other cultures and institutional systems to adopt Anglo-Saxon ways.
B. encouraged cultural pluralism.
C. did not serve as an advantage for members of the Anglo-Saxon core.
D. none of the above

 

64.                Native Americans were not able to compete with the English settlers because
A.they were lazy.
B. they were interested in only hunting and gathering.
C. their institutional structures were not as developed as those of the English settlers.
D. they were small in numbers.

 

65.                The religious character of post-Revolutionary America was shaped by
A.English religious traditions.
B. collaborative relations between Protestants and non-Protestants.
C. Catholicism and Judaism.
D. French Catholicism and constitutional principles.

 

66.                The schools in America starting in the 18^th century were characterized by
A.open doors for all non-Protestant immigrants.
B. opportunities for slaves.
C. WASP-oriented, Eurocentric curricula.
D. tolerance for diversity.

 

 

67.                The transportation of commercial capitalism to the colonies emphasized
A.greater collaboration with Native Americans.
B. private property.
C. elimination of slavery.
D. all of the above.

 

68.                The early economic structures in America were dedicated to
A.protecting religious freedom.
B. extracting raw materials.
C. providing markets for finished goods.
D. both b and c.

 

69.                Today, which is the largest minority group in America?
A.African Americans
B. Asians
C. Mexican Americans
D. all Latinos combined

 

70.                The primary reason for early settlers to come to America was
A.to get rid of surplus population.
B. to seek adventure.
C. to win in competition with the Spanish.
D. to pursue economic opportunities.

 

71.                Which of the following is not part of the Anglo-Saxon core?
A.Protestant-inspired work values
B. dark skin
C. English cultural traditions
D. Protestant religious beliefs

 

 

72.                Puritanism emphasized
A.moral temptation.
B. a leisurely approach to work.
C. discipline and hard work.
D. interest in possessions.

 

 

Fill in the Blank Questions

73.                The phrase __________ is used to denote an ethnic complex of northern European stock, institutions, and core values.
Anglo-Saxon core

 

74.                The first colonists were primarily from _________.
England, or British Isle

 

75.                The __________ were the largest non-British Isle population among the early colonists.
German

 

76.                The legal tenets of freedom, equality, and justice come primarily from __________ culture and institutions.
French

 

77.                When an immigrant population is large and identifiable, it will usually be seen as a __________ to the dominant population.
threat

 

78.                The first schools in America were _________ schools.
private

 

 

79.                The __________ and northern __________ heritage of Germans and Scandinavians facilitated their assimilation into the Anglo-Saxon core.
Protestant; European

 

80.                Ethnic persons who adapt to Anglo-Saxon institutions can reduce the discrimination against them if they are __________ and _________.
white; Anglo-looking

 

81.                Elites have the __________ and stature to influence beliefs and policy.
power

 

82.                By the close of the 18^th century, the largest segment of the Anglo-Saxon core was the __________ population.
English

 

83.                Early schools in America were established with a __________ curriculum.
Eurocentric

 

84.                The structure of government in the United States is a blending of 17^th-century __________ political traditions and 18^th-century __________ social philosophy.
British; French

 

85.                The legacy of early British commercial capitalism evolved into a system that depended upon subordinated __________ labor.
ethnic

 

 

86.                The transportation of commercial capitalism to the colonies was made possible by the chartering of __________ and granting of _________.
companies; territory

 

87.                For Max Weber, rationality, discipline, hard work, and religiosity are characteristics of ____________ _________.
ascetic Protestantism

Chapter 05

African Americans

 

 

Essay Questions

1.   Discuss the events of the 1960s and how they finally broke many formal patterns of discrimination against African Americans.

Answers will vary

 

2.   Discuss the various ways that African Americans have protested discrimination against them, from slavery to the present.

Answers will vary

 

3.   What does it mean to say that a “black underclass” exists in America?

Answers will vary

 

4.   How have blacks been excluded from the political arena—especially the voting process?

Answers will vary

 

5.   How does a “glass ceiling” operate for women and minorities?

Answers will vary

 

 

6.   What were some of the social and economic factors that “pushed” southern blacks to northern states?

Answers will vary

 

 

True / False Questions

7.   The percentage of African Americans living in poverty would increase if official statistics more accurately reflected costs of living in urban areas.
TRUE

 

8.   The official poverty rates for African Americans have been declining.
TRUE

 

9.   Since a low point in the mid-1970s, the poverty rates for African Americans have been increasing.
TRUE

 

10.                The educational attainment gap between whites and blacks has increased for high school graduation rates and decreased for college graduation rates.
FALSE

 

11.                The infant mortality rate of blacks is more than twice that of whites.
TRUE

 

12.                Because of increased access of African Americans to the health care system, black and white infant mortality rates are approximately the same.
FALSE

 

 

13.                African Americans are more than twice as likely to die from diabetes, kidney disease, and hypertension as whites.
TRUE

 

14.                Discrimination based upon African Americans’ skin color is less important than their culture and demeanor.
FALSE

 

15.                After the Civil War up to the end of the century, beliefs about the biological inferiority of African Americans declined in favor of more sociocultural explanations of inferiority.
FALSE

 

16.                After the Civil War, the South maintained a belief in the biological inferiority of African Americans, while the North dropped such notions.
FALSE

 

17.                Homer Plessy was the judge who mandated segregated facilities in the South at the end of the last century.
FALSE

 

18.                Beliefs about African Americans still emphasize their cultural inferiority.
TRUE

 

19.                The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was designed to overrule the “black codes” emerging in the South after the Civil War.
TRUE

 

 

20.                It is during the first half of the 20^th century that the legal basis of discrimination at state and local levels in the South was dismantled.
FALSE

 

21.                The public is hostile toward affirmative action.
TRUE

 

22.                Slavery emerged and persisted because of the South’s need for inexpensive labor.
TRUE

 

23.                Slavery was confined only to the agricultural sector of the southern economy.
FALSE

 

24.                The period between 1914 and 1920 marks the first large-scale migration of African Americans out of the South.
TRUE

 

25.                The migration of African Americans to the large industrial cities was not accompanied by violence.
FALSE

 

26.                Unlike whites, blacks made significant economic progress during the Great Depression.
FALSE

 

27.                Unlike World War I, World War II did not cause a large-scale black migration.
FALSE

 

 

28.                While discrimination can still be found in the initial hiring of white-collar employees, once they are hired, there is little evidence of discrimination.
FALSE

 

29.                The justice writing against the majority opinion of the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson had been in the Confederate army.
TRUE

 

30.                The Plessy v. Ferguson case created the legal mantle justifying segregated facilities.
TRUE

 

31.                There is strong evidence that black-owned businesses fail more often than white businesses, causing lenders to back off financing black-owned businesses.
FALSE

 

32.                Lincoln University was the first black university in America.
TRUE

 

33.                Oberlin College was the first mainstream and white university to open its doors to African Americans.
TRUE

 

34.                As late as 1969, illiteracy among African Americans in the South was four times that of whites.
TRUE

 

 

35.                It was not until 1975 that black enrollment in schools reached parity with white enrollments.
TRUE

 

36.                The Federal Housing Authority and its loan programs were one of the few forces operating against housing segregation between 1945 and 1960.
FALSE

 

37.                With the dramatic decline in formal discrimination, the resource shares of African Americans have also increased dramatically.
FALSE

 

38.                During radical Reconstruction after the Civil War, African Americans began to vote in large numbers.
TRUE

 

39.                The legal framework for slavery prevented blacks from acquiring or inheriting property.
TRUE

 

40.                The availability of FHA mortgages for blacks increased the movement of blacks into white neighborhoods.
FALSE

 

41.                Desegregation efforts in public schools have reduced the chances that black children will attend schools in which they are the numerical majority.
FALSE

 

 

42.                The idea of a “glass ceiling” means that women and minorities have limited access to career and occupational mobility.
TRUE

 

43.                By the dawn of the Civil War, only a very small part of the southern economy depended on slave labor.
FALSE

 

44.                Brown v. Board of Education (1951) was a signal that American society was growing intolerant of educational segregation for black school children.
TRUE

 

45.                An aspect of abolitionist ideology was to argue for the inhumane treatment of blacks.
FALSE

 

46.                Programs such as affirmative action have increased white resentment toward blacks.
TRUE

 

47.                Most of the negative portrayals of blacks in American history were rooted in the popular belief that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.
TRUE

 

48.                Blacks are an easy target for discrimination because of a superficial trait such as skin color.
TRUE

 

49.                Blacks live longer than whites on average.
FALSE

 

 

50.                Residential segregation for blacks is relatively low.
FALSE

 

51.                The gap between blacks and whites with high school diplomas has been closing over the last thirty years.
TRUE

 

52.                Poor blacks were worse off in the 1990s than they were in the 1950s.
TRUE

 

53.                Increases in income for blacks have enabled them to close the gap with white incomes.
TRUE

 

54.                Poverty in the African American population has been declining since the mid-1960s.
FALSE

 

55.                The legacy of slavery for African Americans has greatly reduced their access to valued resources in American society.
TRUE

 

56.                According to the study, lynching created a culture of violence that still influences homicide rates for African Americans.
TRUE

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

57.                Which statement is least true of African Americans?
A.Poverty rates today are lower than they were in 1959.
B. Poverty rates have steadily gone down since the late 1980s.
C. Poverty rates were lowest in 2000.
D. Poverty rates declined dramatically in the 1990s.

 

58.                Which is least true of African Americans’ income?
A.Incomes have been going up, even controlling for inflation.
B. Income as a percentage of white income has increased in recent years.
C. Income as a percentage of white income is less than in 1960.
D. Income as a percentage of white income is less than in 1970.

 

59.                What least accounts for the drop in black income as a percentage of white income in the 1980s?
A.increase in single-parent families
B. cutbacks in government jobs
C. increases in unskilled jobs
D. increase in dual-income white families

 

60.                Which is least true of African Americans?
A.The number and percentage of middle-class blacks have increased dramatically.
B. Poorer African Americans are worse off relative to whites than ever.
C. Incomes of the poorest African Americans tend not to come from job-market participation.
D. Government programs account for the increase in African Americans’ income.

 

61.                The ratio of black unemployment to white unemployment is (closest to)
A.4 to 1.
B. 2.4 to 1.
C. 3.5 to 1.
D. none of the above.

 

 

62.                Which is least true of African American incumbency in white-collar jobs?
A.Blacks still lag behind whites.
B. Increases are the result of the shift away from manual to low-paying clerical work.
C. Only college-educated men have achieved parity with white men.
D. Only college-educated women have achieved parity with white women.

 

63.                Which is not true of African American educational attainment?
A.Blacks have increased as a percentage of the college population in recent years.
B. The percentage of blacks with a college degree has risen over the last thirty years.
C. The gap between blacks and whites with four years of college has not closed.
D. All of the above statements are false.

 

64.                Which is not true of residential segregation of African Americans?
A.Rates of segregation are high.
B. Rates of segregation declined dramatically in the 1980s.
C. Segregation in the least segregated metropolitan areas is very low.
D. Segregation in the most segregated metropolitan areas is very high.

 

65.                Which is most true of the life span of African Americans?
A.It has increased for both men and women.
B. It has increased for adolescents.
C. Black female life span now equals that of white females.
D. All of the above statements are true.

 

66.                During the period immediately before the Civil War when abolitionists challenged slavery, the negative beliefs toward African Americans changed toward
A.the “Sambo” stereotype.
B. the “uncivilized, bestial heathen” stereotype.
C. the “childlike dependency” stereotype.
D. both a and c.

 

 

67.                Progressive beliefs about African Americans crystallized only in the
A.post-Civil War era.
B. post-World War I era.
C. post-World War II period.
D. both a and c

 

68.                Which was not part of the broad legal framework of slavery?
A.Slaves were to be slaves for life.
B. Children would inherit the father’s status.
C. Whites and blacks could not marry.
D. Blacks could not enter civil contracts.

 

69.                Which amendment to the Constitution abolished slavery?
A.Fourteenth Amendment
B. Thirteenth Amendment
C. Twelfth Amendment
D. Twenty-First Amendment

 

70.                In terms of the numbers of black slaves executed, which statement is not true for the period between 1641 and 1965?
A.Male slaves were most likely to be executed.
B. More slaves were executed for revolts than for any other offense.
C. More slaves were executed for murder than for any other offense.
D. More slaves were executed for revolt than rape.

 

71.                Which is not true of the legal framework of slavery?
A.Slaves inherited their father’s status.
B. Slavery was lifelong.
C. Slaves could not marry whites.
D. Slaves could not acquire or inherit property.

 

 

72.                The Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution
A.abolished slavery.
B. abolished the “black codes.”
C. abolished Jim Crow practices.
D. extended suffrage to African Americans.

 

73.                In Plessy v. Ferguson, the U.S. Supreme Court
A.ruled that segregated facilities for blacks and whites were not in violation of the Constitution.
B. outlawed Jim Crow practices.
C. reaffirmed the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments.
D. took the right to vote away from blacks.

 

74.                The U.S. Supreme Court did not overrule its decision in Plessy v. Ferguson until
A.the 1940s.
B. the 1930s.
C. the 1960s.
D. the 1950s.

 

75.                Which of the following periods represents the most dramatic assault on the legal basis of discrimination against African Americans?
A.1920-1940
B. 1900-1920
C. 1950-1970
D. 1980-1990