Biology 12th Edition by by Sylvia S. Mader -Test Bank

 

 

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Sample Test

Chapter 03

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

1.    Saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids differ in

2.    the number of carbon-to-carbon bonds.

3.    the consistency at room temperature.

4.    the number of hydrogen atoms present.

5.    all of the choices are differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid.

All of the choices are differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.03.02 Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

2.    Which of the following carbohydrates would NOT be a molecule used for energy storage?

3.    starch

4.    cellulose

5.    glycogen

6.    All of the above are used for energy storage

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.02.03 Compare the energy and structural uses of starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

3.    The lipids of the cell membrane and the lipids found in butter and vegetable oil differ in which of the following?

4.    the number of fatty acids attached to the glycerol molecule

5.    the glycerol molecule

6.    the carbon to carbon bonds

7.    lipids of the cell membrane do not have hydrophobic sections of the molecule

The lipids of the cell membrane and the lipids found in butter and vegetable oil differ in the number of fatty acids attached to the glycerol molecule.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.03.03 Contrast the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

4.    Which functional group will attach to a hydrocarbon chain to form alcohol?

5.    hydroxyl

6.    carbonyl

7.    carboxyl

8.    amino

9.    phosphate

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.02 Explain the relationship between a functional group and the chemical reactivity of an organic molecule.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

5.    Organic molecules are those that contain at least

6.    carbon.

7.    carbon and oxygen.

8.    carbon and hydrogen.

9.    carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

Organic molecules are those that contain at least carbon and hydrogen.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

6.    The differences between organic and inorganic molecules do not follow simple absolute rules. However, most organic molecules are associated with living organisms. Which of the following statements does NOT correspond to the general distinctions between these types of molecules?

7.    Carbon dioxide (CO2) lacks hydrogen atoms found in organic molecules.

8.    Formaldehyde (CH2O) is a small molecule compared to most organic molecules.

9.    Salt (Na+Cl-) is not an organic molecule but is important to the life of many organisms.

10.  Because they are in living organisms, organic carbon atoms are different from the inorganic carbon atoms forming the molecular structure of soot or a diamond.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

7.    A hydrocarbon is hydrophobic

8.    at all times.

9.    only in the living cell environment.

10.  except when it has an attached ionized functional group.

11.  in carbohydrates but not in lipids.

A hydrocarbon is hydrophobic except when it has an attached ionized functional group.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

8.    What term is used for molecules that have identical molecular formulas but the atoms in each molecule are arranged differently?

9.    isotope

10.  isomer

11.  homomolecules

12.  organic

13.  balanced

Molecules that have identical molecular formulas but different molecular configurations are isomers.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

Short Answer Questions

 

9.    What is the molecular formula of these molecules? How do these molecules differ? Are these the same molecule?

 

 

These are different molecules, glyceraldehyde on the left and dihydroxyacetone on the right. They are structural isomers, having the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

10.  Identify the following molecule:

 

 

1.    amino acid

2.    hydrocarbon

3.    carbohydrate

4.    alcohol

5.    cholesterol

This molecule is cholesterol.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.03.03 Contrast the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

11.  Glucose (C6H12O6) can exist as both an open-chain form and a closed-ring form. Before 1900, glucose was only thought to occur as an open chain. Now we know that over 99 percent of the time, glucose occurs in the closed-ring form. What possible difference between these forms would give chemists a clue that the open-chain form was not present?

12.  Open-chain molecules can form polymers and glucose does not.

13.  Only open-chain forms can undergo condensation, which does not occur with glucose.

14.  An open chain presents ends with functional groups (in this case aldehyde), and glucose failed to undergo typical aldehyde reactions; a phenomenon that could be explained by having no end functional group in a ring structure.

15.  Because glucose is solid at room temperature, it must have saturated hydrocarbon chains.

16.  Glucose could not be “denatured” so it must be a tight chain.

An open chain presents ends with functional groups (in this case aldehyde), and glucose failed to undergo typical aldehyde reactions; a phenomenon that could be explained by having no end functional group in a ring structure.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

12.  What is the molecular formula for 5 glucose molecules?

13.  C30H50O25

14.  C30H60O30

15.  C30H52O26

16.  C6H24O12

C30H52O26 is the molecular formula for 5 glucose molecules. C6H12O6 is multiplied by 5 to equal. C30H60O30. There are four bonds formed through dehydration synthesis to form the chain of 5 glucoses. One water is removed with the formation of each bond to equal: H8O4. Subtract H8O4 from C30H60O30 to equal C30H52O26.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

13.  A polysaccharide is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?

14.  simple sugars

15.  amino acids

16.  nucleotides

17.  alternating sugar and phosphate groups

18.  fatty acids and glycerol

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.02.03 Compare the energy and structural uses of starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

14.  A lipid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers?

15.  glucose or modified glucose molecules

16.  amino acids

17.  nucleotides

18.  alternating sugar and phosphate groups

19.  fatty acids and glycerol

A lipid is a polymer made of monomers of fatty acids and glycerol.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.03.03 Contrast the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

15.  A dehydration reaction can also be called a (an) _________ reaction since it forms water.

16.  condensation

17.  hydrolysis

18.  isomeric

19.  an energy-releasing

20.  monomer formation

A dehydration reaction can also be called a condensation reaction since it forms water.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.03 Compare the role of dehydration synthesis and hydrolytic reactions in organic chemistry.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

16.  Which of the following are structural carbohydrate molecules?

17.  starch and glycogen

18.  starch and cellulose

19.  glycogen and cellulose

20.  cellulose and chitin

21.  glycogen and chitin

Cellulose and chitin are structural carbohydrate molecules.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.02.03 Compare the energy and structural uses of starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

17.  Which carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plants?

18.  starch

19.  chitin

20.  cellulose

21.  glycogen

22.  glycerol

Cellulose is the carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

18.  Which carbohydrate is used in the liver for energy storage?

19.  starch

20.  chitin

21.  cellulose

22.  glycogen

23.  glycerol

Glycogen is used in the liver for energy storage.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.02.03 Compare the energy and structural uses of starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

19.  Which carbohydrate is found in the exoskeleton of insects and crabs?

20.  starch

21.  chitin

22.  cellulose

23.  glycogen

24.  glycerol

Chitin is found in the exoskeleton of insects and crabs.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

20.  Identify this molecule:

 

 

1.    amino acid

2.    hydrocarbon

3.    carbohydrate

4.    alcohol

5.    lipid

This molecule is a carbohydrate. It may easily be identified by confirming the C:H:O ratio as 1:2:1.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

21.  If an animal needed to store energy for long-term use, but not be encumbered with the weight of extra tissue, which is the best molecule for storage?

22.  fructose and glucose in the form of honey

23.  high-calorie fat molecules

24.  complex cellulose molecules

25.  starch

26.  glycogen with extensive side branches of glucose

If an animal needed to store energy for long-term use, but not be encumbered with the weight of extra tissue, the best molecules for storage are high calorie fat molecules.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.03.01 Describe why lipids are essential to living organisms.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

22.  A peptide bond is found in which type of biological molecule?

23.  carbohydrate

24.  lipid

25.  nucleic acid

26.  protein

A peptide bond is found in protein molecules.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.04.02 Explain how a polypeptide is constructed from amino acids.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

23.  The alpha helix and beta sheet are found at which level of protein organization?

24.  primary structure

25.  secondary structure

26.  tertiary structure

27.  quaternary structure

The alpha helix and beta sheet are the secondary structure of a protein.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.04.03 Compare the four levels of protein structure.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

 

 

24.  After eating eggs for breakfast, you return in the evening, dunk the dirty dishes in water, and notice the yellow streaks remain “dried on.” However, after soaking awhile, the complex of various egg yolk molecules easily “washes off.” What has happened?

25.  Heating denatured the egg protein molecules, hydrolysis reactions then formed bonds in the dried egg, and soaking in water eventually resulted in condensation reactions where water broke these bonds.

26.  Heating denatured the egg protein molecules, unorganized condensation reactions then formed bonds in the drying egg, and soaking in water eventually resulted in hydrolysis reactions where water broke these bonds.

27.  The egg monomers were fused to become one polymer, which was easily dissolved by water back into monomers.

28.  The presence or absence of water changes the molecules from hydrophilic to hydrophobic respectively.

29.  The addition of water converted organic molecules into inorganic molecules.

Heating denatured the egg protein molecules, unorganized condensation reactions then formed bonds in the drying egg, and soaking in water eventually resulted in hydrolysis reactions where water broke these bonds.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 03.04.04 Understand the factors that affect protein structure and function.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

 

 

25.  Below freezing and above boiling, cells are unable to function as “liquid machinery.” However, most organisms’ cells are still limited from functioning throughout this full range of liquid temperatures. At the molecular level in different organisms, cells’ ability to vary in their tolerance to temperature, etc., is most closely related to variation in

26.  enzyme activity and protein denaturation.

27.  ATP efficiency.

28.  ability to form glucose polymers.

29.  replication of nucleic acids.

30.  extent of saturation of fatty acids.

At the molecular level in different organisms, cells’ ability to vary in their tolerance to temperature, etc., is most closely related to variation in enzyme activity and protein denaturation.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.04.04 Understand the factors that affect protein structure and function.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

26.  Which of these statements is NOT true about DNA?

27.  It is the genetic material of the cell.

28.  It forms a double helix.

29.  Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.

30.  It contains the sugar ribose.

31.  The sugar and phosphate groups form the backbone of the molecule.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

27.  Fish sperm is composed mostly of the male fish’s DNA. If we tested a sample chemically, we should find relatively high amounts of

28.  nitrogenous bases, sugar, and phosphate groups.

29.  phospholipids and steroids.

30.  amino acids and unsaturated fats.

31.  triglycerides and ATP.

32.  globular proteins and stored fats.

DNA contains high amounts of nitrogenous bases, sugar, and phosphate groups.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

28.  Which statement is true about RNA?

29.  It contains adenine paired to thymine.

30.  One of the bases from DNA is replaced by uracil.

31.  It contains the sugar deoxyribose.

32.  Its nucleotides contain twice as many phosphate groups as DNA’s nucleotides.

33.  It is a double-stranded molecule.

In RNA, one of the bases from DNA is replaced by uracil.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

29.  The reactivity of an organic molecule is primarily dependent upon ____________ of the molecule.

30.  the carbon skeleton

31.  the attached functional groups such as a hydroxyl group

32.  the isomer

33.  All of the choices are correct.

The reactivity of an organic molecule is primarily dependent on the attached functional group of the molecule.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.02 Explain the relationship between a functional group and the chemical reactivity of an organic molecule.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

30.  Which Figure is that of an unsaturated fat?

 

 

1.    Figure A

2.    Figure B

Figure A is an unsaturated fat. It has double bonds between the some of the carbon atoms. Figure B is a saturated fat with all single bonds between the carbon atoms.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.03.02 Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

31.  A saturated fat

32.  is often solid at room temperature.

33.  has fatty acids with no double bonds between the carbon atoms.

34.  is of animal origin.

35.  All of the choices are correct.

A saturated fat is often solid at room temperature, has fatty acids with no double bonds between the carbon atoms, and is of animal origin.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.03.02 Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

32.  A polypeptide has an amino acid sequence of: alanine-leucine-tryptophane-glycien-valine-alanine.

This chain of amino acids is further organized into a helix that in-turn, folds in and around itself to form a globular structure. The primary structure of this polypeptide is

1.    globular.

2.    pleated-sheet.

3.    alpha helix.

4.    alanine-leucine-tryptophane-glycien-valine-alanine.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.04.02 Explain how a polypeptide is constructed from amino acids.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

 

 

33.  How many molecules of water are used to degrade this polypeptide, using hydrolysis reactions, into its constituent amino acids: alanine-leucine-tryptophane-glycine-valine-alanine?

34.  six

35.  five

36.  one

37.  seven

Five molecules of water are used in hydrolysis reactions to degrade this polypeptide. One water for each broken bond.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.01.03 Compare the role of dehydration synthesis and hydrolytic reactions in organic chemistry.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Proteins

 

 

 

Essay Questions

 

34.  A strand of DNA has the following base sequence (genetic code): ATTGCGAATGGCA. Construct the complementary strand of DNA.

Adenine and thymine and cytosine and guanine are complementary base pairs. The complementary strand has the sequence: TAACGCTTACCGT.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

35.  Construct a portion of cell membrane using the typical phospholipid symbol. Indicate the location of the cytoplasm and outside of the cell. Explain how the chemical characteristics of phospholipids molecules dictate membrane structure and cause it to be fluid in nature.

 

A phospholipids bilayer forms due to the chemical nature of phospholipids molecules – both polar and nonpolar regions. The hydrophilic head are attracted to aqueous regions of the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid (or outside the cell). The hydrophobic tails cluster away from the aqueous regions. Kinks in the tails due to unsaturated bonds increase the fluidity of the bilayer.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 03.03.04 Compare the functions of phospholipids and steroids in cells.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

36.  The feet of penguins and reindeer contain large amounts of unsaturated triglycerides. Why would these animals have these fats in their feet rather than saturated fats?

Triglycerides containing fatty acids with unsaturated bonds melt at a lower temperature than those containing only saturated fatty acids. An abundance of polyunsaturated fats helps to protect the organism from freezing in colder climates.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 03.03.02 Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

37.  Chitin and cellulose are molecules that do not spontaneously break down but can be digested by bacteria and some other microorganisms. Since carbon is not among the most common elements in the earth’s crust, what would happen if all of the chitin-digesting and cellulose-digesting organisms on the earth were destroyed?

Answers may vary. When chitin and cellulose containing organisms are decomposed the carbon may be recycled as carbon dioxide if oxygen is present or methane if there is no oxygen available. Inorganic elements are returned to the soil. If there are no decomposers, the carbon would remain as undigested chitin and cellulose. This would alter the carbon cycle and would leave undigested, dead organisms everywhere. In addition, the carbon available for the building of new life would decrease.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 03.02.02 Distinguish among the forms of carbohydrates.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

38.  Do disaccharide isomers exist? If so, describe how they are formed.

Two glucose molecules (each C6H12O6) undergo a dehydration reaction to form maltose (C12H22O11).  A glucose molecule and a fructose molecule (each C6H12O6) undergo a dehydration reaction to form sucrose (C12H22O11).  A glucose and a galactose molecule (each C6H12O6) undergo a dehydration reaction to form lactose (C12H22O11).  The three disaccharides are isomers, having the same molecular formulas but different structures.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 03.01.03 Compare the role of dehydration synthesis and hydrolytic reactions in organic chemistry.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

39.  Choose the Figure that depicts polymer synthesis.

 

 

1.    Figure 1

2.    Figure 2

Figure 2 depicts a polymer being hydrolyzed. In degradation, the monomers in a polymer separate during a hydrolysis reaction. A bond is broken as water is added.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 03.01.03 Compare the role of dehydration synthesis and hydrolytic reactions in organic chemistry.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

40.  If a segment of DNA has 20% adenine in its base composition, what percent thymine is there?

41.  20%

42.  80%

43.  60%

44.  30%

Adenine and thymine are complementary base pairs. Since adenine bonds to thymine in DNA, the amount of thymine is the same, 20%.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

 

 

Short Answer Questions

 

41.  If a certain segment of DNA has 30% adenine in its base composition, what percentage of guanine will there be? ev: 10_30_2013_QC_37868

Adenine and thymine are complementary base pairs. Since adenine bonds to thymine in DNA, the amount of thymine is the same, 30% also. This means the pyrimidines, adenine and thymine would be 60% of the base composition. Therefore, the purines, guanine and cytosine make up 40% of the base composition. Since guanine and cytosine are complementary base pairs, their individual concentrations should be equal, and half of the total purine concentration. Divide 40% by 2 to get 20%. Guanine is 20% of the base pair composition.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 03.05.02 Compare the structure and function of DNA and RNA nucleic acids.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

True / False Questions

 

42.  Carbon can form covalent bonds with as many as four other atoms.

TRUE

It is true that carbon can form covalent bonds with as many as four other atoms.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.01.01 Explain how the properties of carbon enable it to produce diverse organic molecules.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

 

43.  Waxes consist of a glycerol bonded to three long-chain fatty acids.

FALSE

Triglycerides are composed of glycerol and three fatty acids. Waxes are long-chain fatty acids bonded with long-chained alcohols.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 03.03.03 Contrast the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

44.  ATP is a protein that supplies energy to the cell.

FALSE

ATP is a nucleotide-based molecule that supplies energy to the cell.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.05.03 Explain how ATP is able to store energy.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

45.  Starch is a protein that serves in energy storage in plant cells.

FALSE

Starch is a polysaccharide that serves in energy storage in plant cells.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.02.03 Compare the energy and structural uses of starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Section: 03.02

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

 

46.  Migratory birds store energy as glycogen which is lighter than fat.

FALSE

Migratory birds store energy as fat, since gram per gram, fat stores more energy than glycogen.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.03.01 Describe why lipids are essential to living organisms.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

47.  Which of the following functional groups represents sulfhydryl?

48.  SH

49.  H-N-H

50.  OH

51.  0=C-OH

52.  C=O

Sulfhydryl is represented by the functional group SH.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.01.02 Explain the relationship between a functional group and the chemical reactivity of an organic molecule.

Section: 03.01

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

 

 

48.  Which of the following is a function of a steroid?

49.  sex hormone

50.  transmission of genetic information

51.  long term energy storage

52.  insulation against cold

53.  protective layer

Steroids function as sex hormones and as a component of the cell membrane (cholesterol)

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.03.04 Compare the functions of phospholipids and steroids in cells.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

49.  Due to an increased risk of heart disease many doctors have suggested shifting our diet to include more oils instead of fats. As you cook dinner tonight the recipe calls for 2 tbs of oil.  What is the most likely source of the oil you should use in preparing your meal?

50.  canola or olives

51.  bees wax distilled down to an oil form

52.  melted butter

53.  lard that was left out at room temperature

54.  none of these choices are oils

The most likely source of oil would be canola and olive oils.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.03.03 Contrast the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Section: 03.03

Topic: Lipids

 

 

 

50.  Which of the following is NOT a protein function?

51.  support

52.  transportation

53.  defense

54.  motion

55.  insulation

Proteins function in all of the following except for insulation.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.04.01 Describe the functions of proteins in cells.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

51.  Which of the following protein is correctly matched with its function?

52.  hemoglobin is found within the red blood cells

53.  myosin is found within the ligaments

54.  actin is found within the tendons

55.  collagen is found within the muscle cells

56.  hemoglobin is found within the cell membrane

Hemoglobin is found within the red blood cells.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.04.01 Describe the functions of proteins in cells.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

 

 

52.  Which of the following protein structures is exemplified by globular proteins?

53.  tertiary

54.  secondary

55.  primary

56.  quaternary

57.  all of the protein structures are exemplified by globular proteins

the tertiary protein structure is exemplified by globular proteins.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.04.03 Compare the four levels of protein structure.

Section: 03.04

Topic: Proteins

 

53.  What are the basic structures that make up a nucleotide?

54.  pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base

55.  pentose sugar, nitrate and phosphorus-containing base

56.  ribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base

57.  hydroxide group, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base

58.  pentose sugar, sodium and nitrogen-containing base

A pentose sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing base are the components that make up a nucleotide.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.05.01 Distinguish between a nucleotide and nucleic acid.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

 

 

54.  Which of the following structures is classified as a nucleic acid?

55.  adenine

56.  RNA

57.  thymine

58.  guanine

59.  cytosine

RNA is a nucleic acid, the rest of the choices are nucleotides, the subunits of nucleic acids.

 

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 03.05.01 Distinguish between a nucleotide and nucleic acid.

Section: 03.05

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

55.  Which statement below correctly describes why ATP is a high energy structure?

56.  ATP contains 2 phosphate bonds that contain high levels of energy.

57.  ATP contains hydro-carbon chains that hold energy.

58.  ATP is composed of thymine which is a high energy molecule.

59.  The last two phosphate bonds are unstable and easily broken.

60.  The first phosphate bond is unstable and easily broken.