Communication Matters Kory Floyd 3rd Edition- Test Bank

 

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Sample Test

Chapter 03 Perceiving Ourselves and Others Answer Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1.

Which statement about perception is NOT true? A. We often perceive others accurately, even with minimal information.   B. Our evaluations of others can be more accurate if we have less, rather than more, information.   C. When we form our perception of others, our first impression is always accurate.   D. More information does not necessarily make our perception of someone more accurate.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: Perception

 

2.	The process of making meaning from what we experience in the world around us is called A. selection.   B. perception.   C. interpretation.   D. organization.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: Perception

 

3.	Which type of perception do you use when you try to decide if your best friend is angry, based on his behavior? A. Interpersonal   B. Physiological   C. Environmental   D. Intrapersonal

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: Perception

 

4.

Arianna has an argument with her boyfriend and storms out of the house. He does not call or text her all morning, and Arianna is convinced that he is ignoring her. In this example, Arianna’s realization that her boyfriend is not contacting her exemplifies which stage of the perceptual process? A. Intention   B. Interpretation   C. Organization   D. Selection

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

5.	In class, you notice a classmate smiling at you. In which stage of the perceptual process are you engaged? A. Selection   B. Interpretation   C. Evaluation   D. Organization

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

6.	Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that makes a given stimulus more likely to be selected for attention? A. Repetition   B. Intensity   C. Unexpectedness   D. Familiarity

 

Type of question: Understand

 

7.	The ______ stage of the perceptual process helps you make sense of information by allowing you to see its similarities to and differences from other things you know about. A. application   B. organization   C. selection   D. interpretation

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

8.

In the sitcom The Big Bang Theory, several main characters, who are acclaimed and successful scientists, try unsuccessfully to approach attractive women for dates. In the perceptual process, which stage is likely contributing to the characters’ lack of success, given that the women perceive them as “geeky,” unattractive, socially awkward men? A. Organization   B. Selection   C. Interpretation   D. Application

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

9.	What types of constructs emphasize people’s social or professional position? A. Physical   B. Interaction   C. Role   D. Psychological

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

10.

When Cy meets his best friend’s father, Cy admires the man’s confidence and self-assuredness. Later, when Cy learns that his friend’s father is a top attorney with a prominent law firm, he is not surprised. When Cy readily accepts the father’s profession as appropriate based on Cy’s first impression, Cy is relying on ______ constructs. A. role   B. physical   C. psychological   D. interaction

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

11.	Wendy decides that Dale, the new guy at work, must be romantically interested in her because Dale brings her coffee every morning. By assigning meaning to Dale’s behavior, Wendy is in which stage of perception? A. Organization   B. Evaluation   C. Selection   D. Interpretation

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe and give examples of how selection, organization, and interpretation occur during perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

12.

When your best friend does you an unexpected favor, you interpret it as a sincere sign of friendship, but if a coworker does you the same favor, you are more likely to wonder whether he or she has an ulterior motive. This difference in interpretation is due to what influencing factor on interpretation? A. Interaction construct   B. Knowledge of the individual   C. Closeness of the relationship   D. Personal experience

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe and give examples of how selection, organization, and interpretation occur during perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

13.	Which statement about the perceptual process is most accurate? A. The perceptual process is linear.   B. The three stages of the perceptual process overlap.   C. The three stages of the perceptual process always follow the same order.   D. The perceptual process varies from one person to another.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe and give examples of how selection, organization, and interpretation occur during perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

14.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the order in which perceptual stages occur? A. In the perceptual process, we usually notice only one construct at a time.   B. Even though perception happens in stages, the stages don’t always take place in the same order.   C. The perceptual process is always logical and linear.   D. Selection depends on personal experience, knowledge, and the closeness of the relationship.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe and give examples of how selection, organization, and interpretation occur during perception. Topic: The Perceptual Process

 

15.

Perry, an American student, and Sun Yi, his girlfriend from Taiwan, are arguing. While Perry expresses himself loudly, Sun Yi tries a less aggressive approach. They both grow increasingly frustrated because Perry thinks that Sun Yi won’t address the conflict directly, and Sun Yi thinks that Perry is behaving selfishly. What perceptual influence could be at work in this situation? A. Primacy   B. Stereotypes   C. Culture   D. Perceptual sets

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Perceptual Errors

 

16.	A ______ is a generalization about a group or category of people that can have a powerful influence on how we perceive other people and their communicative behavior. A. stereotype   B. perceptual set   C. construct   D. characteristic

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Stereotypes

 

17.	Identify the concept best represented by the following thought process: (1) He is a man. (2) Men don’t know how to express their feelings. (3) Therefore, he must not know how to express his emotions. A. Construct   B. Interpretation   C. Stereotype   D. Recency

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Stereotypes

 

18.	The belief that all homeless people are lazy is an example of which perceptual influence? A. Generalization   B. Construct   C. Perceptual set   D. Stereotype

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Stereotypes

 

19.	We have a tendency to remember information that supports our stereotypes while forgetting information that doesn’t. Which of the following best describes this tendency? A. Self-serving bias   B. Self-fulfilling prophecy   C. Selective memory bias   D. Fundamental attribution error

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Stereotypes

 

20.	According to a principle known as ______, our first impressions of someone’s communicative behaviors seem to stick in our minds more than second or third impressions do. A. the recency effect   B. perceptual sets   C. stereotypes   D. the primacy effect

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: The Primacy Effect

 

21.	A stand-up comedian’s last joke is one of the most important jokes because of which principle? A. Perceptual effect   B. Recency effect   C. Primacy effect   D. Construct effect

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: The Recency Effect

 

22.	When giving a speech, you must offer strong opening and closing statements because of what influence on perception? A. Primacy/Recency   B. Stereotyping   C. Culture/Co-culture   D. Selective memory bias

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: The Primacy Effect Topic: The Recency Effect

 

23.	A ______ is a predisposition to perceive only what we want or expect to perceive. A. stereotype   B. memory bias   C. perceptual set   D. context

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Perceptual Sets

 

24.

At the mall, Miles sees a friend he hasn’t spoken to in a few years. She is pushing a baby in a stroller. Because of the yellow blanket in the stroller, Miles assumes that the baby is a girl and exclaims, “She is beautiful!” When Miles’s friend informs him that the baby is a boy, Miles says, “Oh, of course. Just look at how strong he is!” Which of the following terms best describes Miles’s apparent change in perception with regard to the baby’s sex? A. Bias   B. Stereotype   C. Context   D. Perceptual set

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Perceptual Sets

 

25.

When someone undergoes chemotherapy and his or her cancer goes into remission, some individuals in that person’s life will believe that the remission is an answer to their prayers, while others will believe that the remission is a natural response to the chemotherapy. Which of the following factors might account for this difference in beliefs about the cancer remission? A. Perceptual set   B. Memory bias   C. Self-serving bias   D. Selection

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-03 Explain the reasons we commit perceptual errors. Topic: Perceptual Sets

 

26.	You notice that your cousin is ignoring her fiancé. When you begin to wonder why she is behaving the way she is, you are looking for ______ in relation to her behavior. A. Context   B. Interpretation   C. Attribution   D. Perceptual set

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-04 Examine various behaviors and explain how one might attribute each to locus, stability, or controllability. Topic: Attribution

 

27.	Which of the following is NOT a dimension of attribution? A. Focus   B. Stability   C. Controllability   D. Locus

 

Type of question: Analyze

 

28.	Which term refers to the location of our behavior, whether within ourselves or outside ourselves? A. Stability   B. Controllability   C. Locus   D. Context

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-04 Examine various behaviors and explain how one might attribute each to locus, stability, or controllability. Topic: Attribution

 

29.	If you assign an external attribution to your professor’s late arrival to class, thinking, “She must have hit heavy traffic on the way to campus,” what are you examining in order to understand the behavior? A. Reason   B. Locus   C. Cause   D. Explanation

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-04 Examine various behaviors and explain how one might attribute each to locus, stability, or controllability. Topic: Attribution

 

30.	If you perceive that your boss is late for your appointment because she has chosen to socialize with other coworkers beforehand, you are making a(n) ______ attribution. A. stable   B. external   C. controllable   D. internal

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-04 Examine various behaviors and explain how one might attribute each to locus, stability, or controllability. Topic: Attribution

 

31.

Roommates Meliah and Jean have an argument before going to bed. Meliah is so upset by the conflict that she forgets to load the dishwasher, as she has agreed to do every night. Jean is sure that Meliah deliberately avoided doing the dishes to get back at her. As a result, rather than apologize in the morning as she had planned to do, Jean continues the argument. What has Jean erroneously evaluated in this instance? A. Locus   B. Controllability   C. Attribution   D. Stability

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-04 Examine various behaviors and explain how one might attribute each to locus, stability, or controllability. Topic: Attribution

 

32.	What term refers to our tendency to attribute our successes to stable, internal causes while attributing our failures to unstable, external causes? A. Attribution   B. Self-serving bias   C. Fundamental attribution error   D. Selfishness

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Self-Serving Bias

 

33.	If you do really well on a test, you credit your preparation, but if you do poorly, you blame the noise in the classroom. This is an example of what attribution error? A. Fundamental attribution   B. External locus   C. Controllability   D. Self-serving bias

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Self-Serving Bias

 

34.

Nicole’s husband forgets their wedding anniversary. Nicole knows that her husband has been distracted by clients at work, so she isn’t angry. When Nicole’s husband brings her flowers the next day, she believes that he is a thoughtful husband. This tendency for Nicole to attribute negative behaviors to external factors and positive behaviors to internal factors most likely reflects which attribution error? A. Self-serving bias   B. Fundamental attribution   C. Locus   D. Stability

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Self-Serving Bias

 

35.	Which term refers to the tendency to attribute other people’s behaviors to internal rather than external causes? A. Fundamental attribution error   B. Locus   C. Self-serving bias   D. Stability

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Fundamental Attribution Error

 

36.	Good communicators bear in mind that others’ behaviors are often responses to external forces, thus avoiding what problem? A. Stability   B. Self-serving bias   C. Fundamental attribution error   D. Controllability

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Fundamental Attribution Error

 

37.

Wanda is annoyed because her waiter keeps getting her order wrong and doesn’t seem to be listening to her. Wanda informs her companions that she will not leave a tip for such a lazy, incompetent waiter. Wanda is unaware that two other waiters have called in sick, leaving her waiter with twice the workload. Wanda’s lack of consideration of external forces to explain the waiter’s behavior is an example of a(n) A. uncontrollable attribution.   B. fundamental attribution error.   C. self-serving bias.   D. external attribution.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-05 Differentiate self-serving bias and fundamental attribution error. Topic: Fundamental Attribution Error

 

38.	Effective communication depends on your ability to perceive others as well as to perceive A. others’ intentions.   B. others’ actions.   C. yourself.   D. circumstances.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

39.	Your self-concept, or ______, is composed of stable ideas about who you are. A. perception   B. Johari window   C. stability   D. identity

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

40.	If you define yourself as a male, an uncle, and someone who is fun and honest, you are defining different aspects of your self-concept or A. locus.   B. organization.   C. identity.   D. culture.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

41.	Which of the following is NOT an area represented in the Johari window? A. Known   B. Blind   C. Open   D. Unknown

 

Type of question: Analyze

 

42.	If Rebecca chooses not to share her history of childhood abuse with friends, in which area of Rebecca’s Johari window would that information be located? A. Open   B. Blind   C. Unknown   D. Hidden

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-07 Use the Johari window model to demonstrate how the self-concept is multi-faceted. Topic: The Johari Window

 

43.	Which area of the Johari window would most likely include characteristics such as your name, sex, academic major, and hobbies? A. Open   B. Blind   C. Unknown   D. Hidden

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-07 Use the Johari window model to demonstrate how the self-concept is multi-faceted. Topic: The Johari Window

 

44.

In 2009, a popular game show aired called The Moment of Truth. On this show, contestants chose to disclose secrets to their friends, family, and the viewing audience in order to win money. In other words, the contestants were moving information from the ______ area of their Johari window to the open area. A. blind   B. unknown   C. open   D. hidden

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-07 Use the Johari window model to demonstrate how the self-concept is multi-faceted. Topic: The Johari Window

 

45.

When the College Board asked almost 1 million high school seniors in the United States to rate their ability to get along with others, every single student responded that he or she was “above average.” Which of the following statements best reflects the results of this survey? A. It is often difficult to judge ourselves objectively or accurately.   B. Many aspects of our self-concept are objective.   C. Most of us are optimistic in our self-concept.   D. It is important to recognize the many dimensions of self-concept.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

46.	Some of what we know about ourselves is based on ______ facts, such as details regarding height, weight, and hair color. A. subjective   B. obvious   C. accurate   D. objective

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

47.

Johanna suffers from depression and has low self-esteem. When she receives a low grade on her informative speech, she believes that the grade is a reflection of her self-worth. Which statement best illustrates Johanna’s experience? A. The tendency toward self-monitoring ranges along a continuum from high to low.   B. Many aspects of our self-concept are objective.   C. Sometimes our judgments of ourselves are unreasonably negative.   D. Others’ perceptions of us are usually accurate.

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-06 Explain self-concept and how it is partly subjective. Topic: Self-Concept

 

48.	Someone who is a(n)______ pays attention to how others are reacting to his or her behaviors and adjusts communication as needed. A. high self-monitor   B. effective leader   C. competent communicator   D. adaptable listener

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 03-08 Describe how self-fulfilling prophecies and self-monitoring can shape communicative behavior. Topic: Self-Monitoring

 

49.

Tyce doesn’t spend a lot of energy worrying about his appearance; he just wears whatever is at hand in the morning. Likewise, he always says what is on his mind and isn’t concerned with what other people think about him. Tyce’sbehavior suggests that Tyce is a(n) ______ self-monitor. A. high   B. average   C. low   D. honest

 

AACSB: Knowledge Application Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Bloom’s: Evaluate Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 03-08 Describe how self-fulfilling prophecies and self-monitoring can shape communicative behavior. Topic: Self-Monitoring