Core Concepts in Health 3Rd Canadian Edition By Jennifer Irwin

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Sample Test

Chapter 03

Stress: The Constant Challenge

True / False Questions

1. A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as challenging.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-01 What is Stress?

2. A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as exceeding her ability to cope.
TRUE

3. Laughing is an effective behavioural response to stress.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-03 Emotional and Behavioural Responses to Stressors

4. The physical response to taking a final exam varies in intensity from student to student.
TRUE

5. Responses to stressors include physical and emotional behavioural responses.
TRUE

6. The stress response in the human being is triggered by a nonspecific agent called a stressor.
TRUE

7. The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system initiates the stress response.
FALSE

8. Endorphins are body-produced chemicals that relieve pain in case of injury.
TRUE

9. Homeostasis is the body’s state of normalcy.
TRUE

10. The physical response to a stressor has little variance in intensity from person to person.
FALSE

11. The fight-or-flight response prepares the body for physical action regardless of whether action is needed.
TRUE

12. Ineffective behavioural responses to stressors may include talking or laughing.
FALSE

13. The somatic nervous system is largely under conscious control.
TRUE

14. People with Type C personalities tend to have no difficulty expressing emotion.
FALSE

15. Type B personalities tend to be schedule driven, competitive, and even hostile.
FALSE

16. Individuals with psychological hardiness view stressors as opportunities for growth.
TRUE

17. The three basic types of resiliency center on how individuals respond to stress.
TRUE

18. The ability to trust others is an effective coping behaviour.
TRUE

19. Women and men experience stress differently.
TRUE

20. Distress is linked with positive stressors.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

21. Eustress is linked with negative stressors.
FALSE

22. The general adaptation syndrome is believed to be a universal and predictable response pattern to all stressors.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

23. The resistance state of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as distorted perceptions and disorganized thinking.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

24. The fight-or-flight reaction occurs during the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

25. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of the relationship between one’s mental health and immune system.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-08 Psychoneuroimmunology

26. There is no link between cardiovascular heart disease and stress.
FALSE

27. There is very little research linking stress to psychological problems such as depression and panic attacks.
FALSE

28. Insomnia, headaches, and digestive problems may be caused by uncontrolled stress.
TRUE

29. There is a strong link between psychological disorders and stress.
TRUE

30. People with more stress tend to have more colds.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-05 Stress and Health

31. Daily hassles such as misplacing your car keys are often greater sources of stress than major life changes.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-12 Daily Hassles

32. People who work in rewarding “helping” professions, such as teachers and social workers, are less prone to burnout than are people in other types of professions.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-14 Job-Related Stressors

33. Industrial accidents are an example of environmental stressors.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-16 Environmental Stressors

34. Regular physical activity can reduce various aspects of stress.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-22 Exercise

35. Lack of sleep can be both a cause and effect of excess stress.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

36. Lack of sleep can cause an increase in the level of stress hormones.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

37. Caffeine consumption is associated with lower levels of cortisol.
FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-23 Nutrition

38. Smiling can produce changes in the autonomic nervous system.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

39. A counterproductive coping strategy is alcohol use.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-29 Counterproductive Coping Strategies

40. Research supports the regular use of marijuana as an effective stress management technique.
FALSE

41. Regular physical activity trains your body to return to homeostasis more quickly after a stressful situation.
TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

42. For people who identify as transgender, the traditional roles society places on individuals can be particularly stressful.
TRUE

Multiple Choice Questions

43. The term stress refers to
A.a pleasant situation that disrupts normal activity.
B. situations that can trigger physical and emotional reactions.
C. a physical reaction to fright.
D. any imbalance of homeostasis or change from the person’s baseline.

44. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding stress and the lives of postsecondary students?
A.It is a period of low stress.
B. It is a period when stress is easily managed.
C. It may be one of the most stressful periods in one’s life.
D. It is a period where stress will have little impact on your sense of wellness.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-13 Post-Secondary Stressors

45. Which one of the following is a stressor?
A.bad grade
B. sweaty palms
C. rapid pulse
D. high fever

46. Which of the following systems are responsible for your body’s physical response to stressors?
A.cardiovascular and respiratory
B. nervous and endocrine
C. digestive and lymph
D. muscular and skeletal

47. The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated when a person is exposed to a stressor is the _______________ nervous system.
A.central
B. somatic
C. parasympathetic
D. sympathetic

48. The autonomic nervous system controls all the following, EXCEPT the
A.ability to digest food.
B. speed of your heart rate.
C. ability to write.
D. ability to alter your blood pressure.

49. The parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
A.is responsible for mobilizing energy sources for use in a crisis.
B. activates the endocrine system.
C. is in control when one is frightened or angry.
D. aids in digestion and promoting growth.

50. Situations that trigger physical and emotional reactions are termed
A.stress responses.
B. stressors.
C. unmanaged stress.
D. distress.

51. The system of glands, tissues, and cells that helps control body functions by releasing hormones is the
A.central nervous system.
B. endocrine system.
C. reproductive system.
D. digestive system.

52. During the stress response, which of the following changes does occur because of epinephrine being released?
A.Your hearing and vision become less acute.
B. Your bronchi constrict and allow more air into the lungs.
C. Your liver releases less sugar into the blood.
D. Your hearing and vision become more acute, and your bronchi dilate and allow more air into the lungs.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-02 Physical Responses to Stressors

53. During the stress response, the human adrenal glands release
A.adrenocorticotropic hormone.
B. epinephrine.
C. endorphins.
D. norepinephrine.

54. Which of the following body reactions is characteristic of the stress response?
A.Your pupils constrict.
B. Your blood pressure increases.
C. Your digestion speeds up.
D. Your heart rate decreases.

55. All the following are TRUE regarding the fight-or-flight response, EXCEPT:
A.it is a relatively new human adaptation.
B. it enables our bodies to prepare quickly to escape from harm.
C. it prepares our bodies to engage in a physical battle.
D. it enables our bodies to prepare to quickly escape from an injury.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-02 Physical Responses to Stressors

56. Homeostasis
A.is a state of unmanaged stress.
B. describes the body during the fight-or-flight reaction.
C. is a state of normal “housekeeping” functions.
D. is the response of the body to prolonged exposure to stressors.

57. The branch of the autonomic nervous system that slows down the body as it recovers from exposure to a stressor is the _______________ nervous system.
A.central
B. somatic
C. parasympathetic
D. sympathetic

58. Once the stressful situation ends, your parasympathetic nervous system
A.increases heart rate.
B. slows breathing.
C. slows digestion
D. increases perspiration.

59. The somatic nervous system manages
A.conscious actions.
B. emotions.
C. the fight-or-flight reaction to a stressor.
D. hormones released in response to a stressor.

60. Which of the following nervous systems manages John’s moves as he participates in a spinning exercise class?
A.autonomic
B. sympathetic
C. parasympathetic
D. somatic

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-02 Physical Responses to Stressors

61. The way in which a person responds to stress is influenced by all the following, EXCEPT:
A.personality.
B. life experience.
C. familial response.
D. biological predispositions.

62. The sum of cognitive, behavioural, and emotional tendencies refers to one’s
A.personality.
B. wellness.
C. happiness.
D. ability to succeed in life.

63. An individual with a Type C personality is characterized by
A.having a greater tolerance of others.
B. being contemplative.
C. having difficulty expressing emotions.
D. being controlling.

64. Which one of the following characteristics is most closely associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease?
A.hostility
B. excitability
C. lack of purpose
D. procrastination

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-03 Emotional and Behavioural Responses to Stressors

65. A person who suppresses anger and feels hopeless has characteristics of which personality type?
A.Type A
B. Type B
C. Type C
D. Type D

66. The personality type associated with relaxation and contemplation is
A.Type A
B. Type B
C. Type C
D. Type D

67. Which statement about people with hardy personalities is FALSE?
A.They view stressors as challenges.
B. They tend to perceive fewer situations as stressful.
C. They tend to believe their lives are controlled by outside factors.
D. They feel at least partly in control of their lives.

68. An example of a resilient person would be
A.a low-income student graduating from university.
B. a fit person completing a marathon.
C. an intelligent person failing an exam.
D. a person with a disability going undiagnosed.

69. The more intense an emotional response to a stressor, the __________ the physical response will be.
A.weaker
B. stronger
C. lower
D. higher

70. Which of the following is a hormone involved in the regulation of mood and social interaction?
A.insulin
B. oxygen
C. niacin
D. oxytocin

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-04 The Stress Experience as a Whole

71. According to Statistics Canada, the percentage of Canadians over age 15 who report that most days feel stressed is
A.12%.
B. 17%.
C. 23%.
D. 33%.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-05 Stress and Health

72. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding stress?
A.Positive events are less stressful than negative events.
B. The university years are often one of the most stressful periods of a person’s life.
C. Changes in one’s life are significant stressors.
D. Financial problems are significant stressors.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-03 Emotional and Behavioural Responses to Stressors

73. GAS is an acronym for
A.genetically alleviated stress.
B. growth adjustment of stress.
C. general adaptation syndrome.
D. general acceleration due to stress.

74. Eustress
A.is stress that is triggered by something pleasant.
B. is much more common than distress.
C. does not trigger the stress response.
D. is a specific type of distress.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

75. Mohammed just received an F on his term paper. Which type of stress is he likely to experience?
A.eustress
B. malstress
C. distress
D. unmanaged stress

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

76. Which one of the following is NOT a stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
A.alarm
B. acceleration
C. resistance
D. exhaustion

77. The fight-or-flight reaction occurs during which stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
A.alarm
B. resistance
C. exhaustion
D. recovery

78. Tom is very anxious about an upcoming exam. He has no appetite, is easily distracted, and has a headache. In what stage of the general adaptation syndrome is Tom?
A.alarm
B. acceleration
C. resistance
D. exhaustion

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

79. During the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body
A.is in a relaxed state.
B. responds to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
C. readjusts, regulating body systems to establish a new level of homeostasis.
D. can no longer react effectively to normal life situations.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

80. General exhaustion results when
A.the fight-or-flight reaction is resolved.
B. stress-related hormones are secreted.
C. distress occurs.
D. a stressor persists over a long period of time.

81. The long-term wear and tear of the stress response has been termed
A.eustress.
B. distress.
C. homeostasis.
D. the allostatic load.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-07 Allostatic Load

82. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of the interaction among all the following systems, EXCEPT the _______________ system.
A.nervous
B. endocrine
C. immune
D. respiratory

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-08 Psychoneuroimmunology

83. Which one of the following has NOT been linked to a high allostatic load?
A.obesity
B. hypertension
C. enhanced immune function
D. obesity and hypertension

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-07 Allostatic Load

84. The result of the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome may include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.maintenance of homeostasis.
B. death.
C. distorted perceptions.
D. disorganized thinking.

85. Which of the following is NOT linked to a high allostatic load?
A.physical wellness
B. hypertension
C. obesity
D. heart disease

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-07 Allostatic Load

86. Shauna expects all of the following to happen when she is stressed, EXCEPT:
A.an increase in heart rate.
B. a dilation of her blood vessels.
C. an increase in blood pressure.
D. an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

87. Which one of the following has NOT been linked to unmanaged stress?
A.psychological problems
B. premature labour
C. digestive problems
D. glaucoma

88. Stress has been found to contribute to all of the following psychological problems, EXCEPT:
A.depression.
B. post-traumatic stress disorder.
C. eating disorders.
D. happiness.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-09 Links Between Stress and Specific Conditions

89. According to your text, which of the following are common sources of stress for most postsecondary students?
A.academic demands and time management concerns
B. children and pets
C. laundry and dishes
D. involvement in political causes

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-13 Post-Secondary Stressors

90. Acts of violence, industrial accidents, and intrusive noises are examples of
A.external stressors.
B. social stressors.
C. internal stressors.
D. environmental stressors.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-16 Environmental Stressors

91. Approximately _____ percent of university students in Canada and the United States had experienced violence within the past six months.
A.10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-16 Environmental Stressors

92. Unrealistic expectations are a type of _______________ stressor.
A.interpersonal
B. internal
C. environmental
D. social

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-17 Internal Stressors

93. The primary determinant of the health consequences of stress is
A.whether it is emotional or physical stress.
B. whether it is pleasant or unpleasant stress.
C. how long the stress has been present.
D. how the individual responds to the stress.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-12 Daily Hassles

94. All of the following are TRUE regarding the brain and stress, EXCEPT:
A.the accumulation of stress effects across the life span can contribute to brain aging.
B. high levels of chronic stress can cause brain cells to shrink.
C. moderate stress enhances your ability to retain information.
D. being a little nervous before an exam will lower your performance.

95. About 90 percent of all headaches are
A.tension headaches.
B. migraines.
C. cluster headaches.
D. sinus headaches.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-13 Post-Secondary Stressors

96. The majority of migraine sufferers are
A.men.
B. women.
C. teenagers.
D. elderly.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-13 Post-Secondary Stressors

97. If you are still emotionally distressed days or weeks after a tragic event,
A.that is normal; give yourself more time.
B. consider sharing your feelings with others.
C. consider seeking professional help.
D. consider taking a leave of absence from work.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-18 Managing Stress

98. Which of the following would be the LEAST effective strategy for coping with stress?
A.denying the reality of the stress
B. exercising
C. improving time-management skills
D. maintaining a strong social support system

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-18 Managing Stress

99. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding exercise and its ability to help manage stress?
A.Exercise enhances one’s sense of general well-being.
B. Exercise reduces energy levels.
C. Exercise reduces anxiety levels.
D. Exercise decreases tension.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-22 Exercise

100. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding exercise and its ability to help manage stress?
A.A long walk can help increase blood pressure.
B. A brisk 10-minute walk can relax and energize you up to ten hours.
C. Three 45-minute walks per week can increase your sense of wellness.
D. Exercise does not help you manage stress.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-22 Exercise

101. Exercise can
A.increase your blood pressure.
B. become another stressor in a highly stressed life.
C. decrease your sense of wellness.
D. heighten your anxiety.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-22 Exercise

102. Which of the following is NOT a reason why one should avoid or limit caffeine as a stress management technique?
A.Caffeine is mildly addictive.
B. Caffeine is associated with irritability.
C. Caffeine might cause sleeplessness.
D. Caffeine acts as a sedative.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-23 Nutrition

103. Peak concentrations of the levels of stress hormones in the bloodstream occur
A.just before dinner.
B. just after lunch.
C. just before bedtime.
D. during the final stages of sleep.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

104. All of the following occur in non-REM sleep, EXCEPT:
A.the release of growth hormone.
B. a drop in heart rate.
C. slower and more even brain waves.
D. the occurrence of dreams.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

105. Regarding a good night’s sleep,
A.the average Canadian sleeps an average of 8 hours per night.
B. the body is completely still and relaxed during REM.
C. the more sleep you get, the lower your stress levels.
D. an increase in total sleep time causes an increase in the level of stress hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

106. The biggest single time-management problem for most people is
A.procrastination.
B. list writing.
C. goal setting.
D. overconfidence.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

107. A person seeking to overcome procrastination should
A.avoid asking others for help.
B. do favourite tasks first to build up momentum.
C. make narrow time frames to complete tasks.
D. divide tasks into groups that can be prioritized.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

108. Which one of the following statements reflects your text’s recommendations regarding the prioritization of tasks?
A.Tasks should be divided into two groups: hard and easy.
B. Tasks should be divided into three groups, and you should ignore the least important group.
C. Some attention should be paid to all tasks, even if it is only a few minutes.
D. Priorities should be based on whether or not you like performing the task.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

109. In terms of time-management strategies, which one of the following is NOT considered helpful to you in improving your efficiency at completing your tasks?
A.aiming for realistic goals
B. writing down your goals
C. memorizing your goals
D. allowing more time to achieve your goals than you actually expect them to take

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

110. All of the following are recommended by your text as time-management strategies, EXCEPT:
A.setting priorities.
B. breaking down long-term goals into short term ones.
C. avoiding unstructured time.
D. keeping track of tasks you put off.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

111. Which of the following would NOT be helpful to you in attempting to improve your productivity?
A.Focus on long-term goals only.
B. Visualize achievement of your goals.
C. Delegate responsibility.
D. Say “no” when necessary.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

112. Since watching television is usually a “time sink” while you are on a deadline, it is wise to
A.limit your television break to 5-10 minutes.
B. avoid turning on the television.
C. realize you need a break and just watch a few shows.
D. surf the Internet for a few minutes instead.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

113. If you are bothered by insomnia, you may try
A.going to bed at the same time and getting up at the same time seven days per week.
B. taking several naps during the day.
C. exercising just before bedtime to ensure fatigue.
D. all the choices are correct.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

114. Which one of the following is a cognitive technique for stress management?
A.progressive relaxation
B. imagery
C. meditation
D. thinking constructively

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

115. Which one of the following is NOT a cognitive technique for stress management?
A.solving problems
B. setting moderate expectations
C. maintaining positivity
D. using imagery

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

116. Philip is attempting to deal with his stress. Which of the following would NOT be helpful?
A.thinking and acting constructively
B. keeping his expectations at moderate and achievable levels
C. trying to remember as much information as possible
D. living in the present

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

117. Laughter may be the best medicine for stress because after a good laugh your
A.heart rate is increased.
B. muscles are relaxed.
C. blood pressure is increased.
D. stress levels return to their pre-laughter level.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

118. Laughter does all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.aid digestion.
B. increase pulse rate.
C. ease pain.
D. lower blood pressure.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

119. A helpful behaviour in dealing with stressful situations is to
A.keep a mental log of past mistakes and errors as an instant reference.
B. cultivate the ability to laugh at yourself.
C. attempt to fulfill others’ expectations.
D. work hard so that you can play hard.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

120. Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding the relaxation response?
A.Metabolism and oxygen consumption are reduced.
B. Brain waves shift from an alert beta rhythm to a relaxed alpha rhythm.
C. Blood flow to the brain and skin is reduced.
D. You may feel an overall warmth and quiet mental alertness.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

121. _____ percent of Canadians (aged 15 years and older) use exercise to cope with stress.
A.20
B. 40
C. 60
D. 80

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

122. Progressive relaxation techniques
A.involve tensing and then relaxing the muscles in your body.
B. increase heart rate.
C. involve a lot of imagination and willpower.
D. can be quite complex and difficult to master.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

123. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of progressive relaxation?
A.It is based on the use of your imagination and your skill at imagery.
B. It requires no willpower or imagination.
C. It increases oxygen consumption to the muscles.
D. It is the only relaxation technique that also permits you to achieve cardiovascular fitness benefits.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

124. Progressive relaxation is best described by which one of the following statements?
A.It is a mental exercise that requires special training to address stress.
B. It is a form of cognitive development.
C. It is a process that uses simple tensing and relaxing of muscles.
D. It is an aerobic exercise.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

125. Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding imagery?
A.Visualizing yourself performing a task can help improve performance.
B. Imagery can be an aid in changing habits.
C. Imagery can enhance physical performance.
D. Imagery is a cognitive technique designed to change typical patterns of thinking.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

126. Carey would like to use meditation to help her manage her stress. Which of the following is likely to happen as a result of her use of this technique?
A.It will help her tune out the world, temporarily removing sources of stress.
B. It will help her rehearse upcoming events so that stress in her life will be reduced.
C. It will help her to analyze the stressors in her life more effectively.
D. It will help her visualize her tasks that need to be completely in a more efficient way.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

127. A stress management technique that focuses primarily on your breathing pattern is called
A.hatha yoga.
B. deep breathing.
C. tai chi.
D. laughter.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

128. Which of the following stress management techniques emphasizes the use of breathing, stretching, and balance?
A.meditation
B. hatha yoga
C. visualization
D. progressive relaxation

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

129. Tai chi can be an effective stress reducer as it
A.teaches students to remain calm and centered.
B. is an excellent cardiovascular workout.
C. aids the student in working against various stressors.
D. is easily self-taught.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

130. Biofeedback helps people reduce stress by
A.removing internal and external stressors.
B. cleaning the body of toxins.
C. increasing muscle strength and flexibility.
D. enabling them to become more aware of their levels of physical arousals.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-28 Relaxation Techniques

131. All of these are considered counterproductive coping strategies, EXCEPT:
A.tobacco use.
B. drug abuse.
C. use of a multivitamin.
D. alcohol use.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-29 Counterproductive Coping Strategies

132. More than ____ percent of Canadian university students experience tremendous levels of stress.
A.5
B. 9
C. 14
D. 21

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-29 Counterproductive Coping Strategies

133. The first step in creating a personal plan for managing stress is to
A.design your plan.
B. identify your stressors.
C. seek professional help.
D. investigate support groups.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-05 Create a plan for successfully managing the stress in your life.
Topic: 03-30 Creating a Personal Plan for Managing Stress

134. Exercise stimulates which of the following?
A.analgesia (pain relief).
B. death of cells.
C. tension.
D. heightened emotions.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-01 Explain what stress is and how people react to it-physically; emotionally; and behaviourally.
Topic: 03-22 Exercise

135. Which neurotransmitter is used by the sympathetic nervous system to exert its actions?
A.norepinephrine.
B. acetylcholine.
C. GABA.
D. dopamine.

136. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is activated during all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.severe pain.
B. exercise.
C. digesting food.
D. fear.

137. Chemicals that can inhibit or block sensations of pain are:
A.norepinephrine.
B. GABA.
C. serotonin.
D. endorphins.

138. All of the following may result from the fight-or-flight response, EXCEPT:
A.dilated pupils.
B. endorphins released.
C. increased digestion.
D. bronchial dilation.

139. All of the following may result from the fight-or-flight response, EXCEPT:
A.increased blood sugar.
B. increased saliva secretion.
C. decreased digestion.
D. decreased pancreatic secretions.

140. Common emotional responses to stressors include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.fear.
B. anxiety.
C. depression.
D. talking.

141. Effective behavioural responses to stressors include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.talking.
B. hostility.
C. laughter.
D. exercising.

142. Ineffective behavioural responses to stressors include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.overeating.
B. using tobacco.
C. expressing hostility.
D. limiting alcohol consumption.

143. An individual with a Type B personality is characterized by
A.having a greater tolerance of others.
B. few social contacts.
C. having difficulty expressing emotions.
D. being controlling.

144. An individual with a Type D personality is characterized by
A.having a greater tolerance of others.
B. avoiding social contact with others.
C. having difficulty expressing emotions.
D. being controlling.

145. The type of resilience in which a person does not respond to a stressor is:
A.nonreactive.
B. reactive.
C. homeostatic.
D. positive growth.

146. The type of resilience in which a person may react strongly to a stressor but returns to baseline functioning quickly afterwards is:
A.nonreactive.
B. reactive.
C. homeostatic.
D. positive growth.

147. The type of resilience in which a person learns and grows from the stress experience is:
A.nonreactive.
B. reactive.
C. homeostatic.
D. positive growth.

148. Physical symptoms of excess stress include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.dry mouth.
B. excessive perspiration.
C. headaches.
D. low blood pressure.

149. Emotional symptoms of excess stress include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.anxiety.
B. irritability.
C. social isolation.
D. edginess.

150. Behavioural symptoms of excess stress include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.dry mouth.
B. crying.
C. problems communicating.
D. social problems.

151. The primary male hormone responsible for many masculine traits is:
A.oxytocin.
B. estrogen.
C. testosterone.
D. glucagon.

152. The study of the interactions among the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system is called:
A.thanatology.
B. psychoneuroimmunity.
C. gerontology.
D. psychology.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-02 Describe the relationship between stress and disease.
Topic: 03-08 Psychoneuroimmunology

153. All of the following are examples of postsecondary stressors, EXCEPT:
A.financial concerns.
B. time pressures.
C. interpersonal stress.
D. worries about the past.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-13 Post-Secondary Stressors

154. The state of physical, mental, and social exhaustion is called:
A.stress.
B. depression.
C. burnout.
D. uncertainty.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Topic: 03-06 The General Adaptation Syndrome

155. What of the following does NOT contain caffeine?
A.aspirin products
B. chocolate
C. cold remedies
D. green tea

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-23 Nutrition

156. Which of the following does NOT occur during non-rapid eye movement sleep?
A.blood pressure drops
B. body temperature rises
C. growth hormone is released
D. brain wave patterns become slow and even.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

157. During REM sleep all of the following occur, EXCEPT:
A.increased heart rate.
B. increased blood pressure.
C. increased contraction of muscles.
D. increased breathing rate.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

158. Which of the following can mimic the effects of your body’s natural painkillers?
A.marijuana
B. alcohol
C. heroin
D. nicotine

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-29 Counterproductive Coping Strategies

159. Which of the following may reduce the stress response by promoting activity of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A.proteins
B. carbohydrates
C. fats
D. water

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

160. What percentage of postsecondary students report having at least one indicator of alcohol dependence?
A.25%
B. 33%
C. 45%
D. 53%

Sue has been attending university for about a month. During the past week, she has been having trouble sleeping, experiencing headaches, and is having trouble concentrating, especially when she has an upcoming test.

161. Sue most likely is experiencing
A.eustress.
B. test anxiety.
C. depression.
D. burnout.

162. Which of the following strategies would NOT help alleviate Sue’s symptoms?
A.ignoring the symptoms because they will go away with time
B. learning and practicing muscle relaxation
C. devising a study plan
D. practice deep breathing exercise during stressful times

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-33 Getting Help

163. A lack of sleep can be both a cause and an effect of stress. To overcome insomnia, Sue should consider
A.taking a nap when she feels tired.
B. exercising just before going to bed to release excess stress.
C. using her bed only for sleeping, not for studying.
D. sleeping in on weekends and whenever she’s tired.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Apply
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-24 Sleep

164. ____ percent of university students who engaged in random acts of kindness reported decreased levels of stress.
A.10
B. 30
C. 45
D. 60

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-21 Kindness

165. All of the following are a result of kindness EXCEPT:
A.longevity.
B. improved mood.
C. decreased mental health.
D. improved physical health.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-21 Kindness

Short Answer Questions

166. Describe the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome and give examples that support each.

Answers will vary

167. List and explain the three common factors that negatively impact time management. Give three characteristics that are representative of each factor and at least two strategies for managing time more effectively.

Answers will vary

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-25 Time Management

168. Describe how stress levels can affect the immune system and give three examples of stress-related health problems that could result from changes in immune system functioning.

Answers will vary

169. List your top three stressors. Detail a plan to lessen each of these stressors using the methods detailed in this chapter.

Answers will vary

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 03-03 List common sources of stress.
Learning Objective: 03-05 Create a plan for successfully managing the stress in your life.
Topic: 03-31 Identifying Stressors

170. Carrie constantly finds herself worrying about events that haven’t happened yet. As a result, she has trouble sleeping and experiences frequent headaches. Give Carrie six cognitive techniques that she could use to help her cope with stressors that greatly impact her life and why they may be valuable.

Answers will vary

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms: Analyze
Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 03-04 Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress.
Topic: 03-27 Cognitive Techniques

171. Select a common college stressor and describe how it would affect one’s stress levels. Then choose and explain three possible stress management techniques that you think would be particularly useful for coping with the stressor.

Answers will vary

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