Criminal Justice in Action 8th Edition by Larry K. Gaines – Test Bank

 

To Purchase this Complete Test Bank with Answers Click the link Below

 

https://tbzuiqe.com/product/criminal-justice-in-action-8th-edition-by-larry-k-gaines-test-bank/

 

If face any problem or Further information contact us At tbzuiqe@gmail.com

 

 

 

Sample Test

Chapter_03__The_Crime_Picture__Offenders_and_Victims

 

 

True / False

 

1.   The UCR presents the most comprehensive representation of victim data in the United States. a. True

2.   False

 

ANSWER:                             False

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

 

2.   Rates of arrest have risen much more quickly for women than for men over the past decade. a. True

3.   False

 

ANSWER:                             True

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.09 – 03.09

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

3.   Criminological research supports the claim that poverty causes crime. a. True

4.   False

 

ANSWER:                             False

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

4.   Murder is an example of an offense classified as mala prohibita. a. True

5.   False

 

ANSWER:                             False

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.02 – 03.02

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

5.   Proceedings in civil court are generally initiated by the state on behalf of the plaintiff. a. True

6.   False

 

ANSWER:                             False

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

6.   Part Two offenses include both felonies and misdemeanors. a. True

7.   False

 

ANSWER:                             True

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

7.   The maximum penalty for capital offenses is death. a. True

8.   False

 

ANSWER:                             True

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

8.   The NCVS is a national survey focusing on the self-reported data of offenders. a. True

9.   False

 

ANSWER:                             False

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

9.   The National Incident-Based Reporting System presents a more complete picture of crime than the UCR. a. True

10.                False

 

ANSWER:                             True

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

10.                Criminal behavior peaks during the teenage years. a. True

11.                False

 

ANSWER:                             True

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

Multiple Choice

 

11.                Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the high rate of offending by adolescent populations?

12.                a. Peer pressure

13.                Socialization with other juvenile delinquents c. Hormone levels

14.                Poverty

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

 

12.                In most jurisdictions, a noncriminal offense for which the penalty is a fine rather than incarceration is called an

                  .

1.   a. misdemeanor felony

2.   c. infraction moving violation

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

13.                Civil law involves all of the following except

14.                a. beyond a reasonable doubt a plaintiff. c. a defendant. d. damages.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

14.                Civil law is concerned with disputes between entities and a. defendants. b. lawyers.

15.                c. governments. private individuals.

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                       Bloom’s: Remember

 

15.                In the UCR, the FBI presents crime data in all of the following ways except a. rate per 100,000 people.

16.                percentage change from a previous period. c. in rank order by occurrence.

17.                aggregate (total) number of crimes.

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

16.                Part II offenses include

17.                a. all crimes recorded by the FBI that do not fall into the Part I b. crimes identified by INTERPOL as significant threats.

18.                c. all misdemeanors that do not fall into the Part I d. they vary from year to year, there is no set list.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

17.                The acronym NIBRS stands for

18.                a. National Individualized Basic Record b. National Incident-Based Reporting System.

19.                c. National Intelligence Bureau Record

20.                National Intelligence Bureau Reporting System.

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

18.                Data for the NCVS is collected by

19.                a. the Federal Bureau of b. the Census Bureau.

20.                c. the Department of Homeland d. university researchers.

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

19.                Self-report survey data are collected by all of the listed except a. by questionnaire. b. by telephone.

20.                c. by personal interview. the census.

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

20.                A term used to describe the actual amount of crime that takes place is

21.                a. the crime rate. the hidden figure of crime. c. the dark figure of crime. d. the official record of crime.

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

21.                The strongest statistical determinant of criminal behavior appears to be a. neighborhood. b. age.

22.                c. parents. peers.

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

22.                Flaws in the UCR cited in the text include all of the following except a. lack of full citizen reporting. b. police underreporting.

23.                c. differential interpretations. lack of political support.

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

23.                Part II offenses do not include a. DUI. b. vagrancy.

24.                c. gambling. arson.

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

24.                Self-reported surveys collect crime data from a. victims b. law enforcement

25.                c. offenders criminologists

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

25.                Which group are the most likely to be victims of homicide?

26.                a. Caucasians African Americans c. Hispanics d. Native Americans

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

26.                Which of the following is an advantage of the NCVS?

27.                a. It measures only crimes reported to the police and ending in criminal conviction

28.                It represents data collected directly from offenders, regardless of whether an arrest was made c. It collects data on the victimization of minor children under the age of 12

29.                It represents victimization rates, including those crimes not reported to police

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

27.                Proof of guilt in a criminal case requires

28.                a. proof without doubt. proof beyond a reasonable doubt c. proof beyond reasonable suspicion. d. proof of tort.

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

28.                The majority of Part I offenses committed in the U.S. are a. violent crimes. b. property crimes.

29.                c. public order offenses. white collar crimes.

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

29.                Since 2000 crime rates nationwide, in the U.S. are a. rising steadily. b. dropping steadily.

30.                c. up and down relatively flat

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

30.                The Uniform Crime Reports include

31.                a. the number of crimes cleared number of criminal convictions. c. number of unreported offenses. d. victimization data.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

31.                Approximately what percentage of all murders involve a male victim and a male perpetrator?

32.                a. 25 45 c. 65 d. 75

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

32.                Which of the following would be considered a mala prohibita offense?

33.                a. Murder Rape c. Bigamy d. Theft

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.02 – 03.02

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

33.                An offense which is said to go against “natural laws” is referred to as

34.                a. Mala in se Corpus delicti c. Mala prohibita d. Actus reus

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.02 – 03.02

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

34.                The crime spike in the 1980’s and early 1990’s is thought by some to be related to the introduction of which illegal drug?

35.                a. Methamphetamine Crack

36.                c. Heroin Marijuana

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

35.                Which decade has been referred to as the “golden era” of low crime rates.

36.                a. 1970s 1980s c. 1990s d. 2000s

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

36.                What is not a factor used by criminologists to explain changes in the nation’s crime rate?

37.                a. Levels of incarceration Involvement in war

38.                c. Size of youth population Health of the economy

 

ANSWER:                             b

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

37.                What is not given as a reason for levels of incarceration affecting the crime rate?

 

1.   a. Offenders behind bars can’t commit crime

1.   Fewer youth means less crime

 

1.   c. Threat of prison a deterrent to crime High levels of incarceration means fewer would-be criminals on the street

 

ANSWER:           b

REFERENCES:  Crime Trends in the United States

KEYWORDS:     Bloom’s: Remember

 

38.                How does the health of the economy affect the crime rate?

 

1.   a. More people working means less incentive to turn to crime

2.   c. A better economy means more money for prisons

1.   Higher employment means more workplace crime

 

 

1.   A poor economy means more time spent looking for work and less in criminal activity

 

 

ANSWER:           a

REFERENCES:  Crime Trends in the United States

KEYWORDS:     Bloom’s: Remember

 

39.                The fact that as individuals grow older they are less likely to commit criminal acts is related to which crime rate factor?

40.                a. Levels of incarceration Involvement in war

41.                c. Size of youth population Health of the economy

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

40.                Which factor is the most indicator of criminal behavior?

41.                a. Race Ethnicity

42.                c. Income level Religious affiliation

 

ANSWER:                             c

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

Late at night, Juan Morales entered a sleeping woman’s dark bedroom after watching her boyfriend leave. Pretending to be the boyfriend, he proceeds to have sexual intercourse with the woman, who does not realize what is happening until too late. Has Morales committed a crime? “The answer is no,” ruled a Los Angeles court on

January 2, 2013, somewhat reluctantly. The problem was a “historic anomaly” in California’s legal definition of rape. According to a state law passed in the 1870s, such trickery is rape only if the perpetrator pretends to be the victim’s husband. Because Morales’s victim was not married, his actions were not—technically—criminal.

41.                The actions of Morales would be considered… a. mala in se

42.                mala prohibita c. actus rea

43.                copus delicti

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifictions of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.02 – 03.02

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

 

42.                The victim in this case would have been able to pursue legal remedies under California law in which court?

43.                a. state civil court

44.                state criminal court c. federal civil court

45.                federal criminal court

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifictions of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

43.                If California law in fact covered the circumstances in outlined in the preface, Morales would have been charged with what kind of crime?

44.                a. felony

45.                infraction

46.                c. misdemeanor petty offense

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifictions of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

44.                If the victim successfully sought justice through the civil court she would have been able to a. receive financial compensation from Morales.

45.                determine the prison sentence of Morales. c. then move the case to a criminal court.

46.                None of these choices

 

ANSWER:                a

REFERENCES:      Classifictions of Crime

PREFACE NAME:  3.0

KEYWORDS:          Bloom’s: Apply

 

45.                This instance of criminal sexual assault have been reported into which databases?

46.                a. Uniform Crime Report and National Crime Victimization Survey

47.                National Incident-Based Reporting System and self-reported surveys

48.                c. National Crime Victimization Survey and National Incident-Based Reporting System self-reported surveys and National Crime Victimization Survey

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

PREFACE NAME:               3.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.03 – 03.03

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

In 1995, eminent crime expert James Q. Wilson, noting that the number of young males was set to increase dramatically over the next decade, predicted that “30,000 more young muggers, killers, and thieves” would be on the streets by 2000. “Get ready,” he warned. Other criminologists offered their own dire projections. John DiIulio foresaw a swarm of “juvenile super­predators” on the streets, and James A. Fox prophesied a “blood bath”by 2005. Given previous data, these experts could be fairly confident in their predictions.

46.                The predictions of the researchers in the preface turned out to be wrong, as the crime rate decreased. A possible explanation for this might be

47.                a. the number of young males b. the number of young males increased.

48.                c. the number of young females d. the number of young females increased.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

PREFACE NAME:               3.1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Understand

 

47.                By 2008, the United States had entered into an economic recession and since then economic growth has been slow. How should this affect the crime rate?

48.                a. It should increase

49.                The crime rate should go down.

50.                c. In should hold steady as youth populations increase

51.                There should be no effect on crime rates due to economic factors

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

PREFACE NAME:               3.1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Understand

 

48.                The crime rate fell during or remained steady from 1995-2011. The reasons for this supports which of the three factors criminologists believe explain crime fluctuations?

49.                a. All of these choices Imprisonment

50.                c. Youth populations Economy

 

ANSWER:                a

REFERENCES:      Crime Trends in the United States

PREFACE NAME:  3.1

KEYWORDS:          Bloom’s: Understand

 

49.                Economic growth has been slow since 2008, but with no discernible effect on the crime rate. How might criminologists explain this?

50.                a. All of these

51.                “zero­tolerance” policies have put more people in prison

52.                c. Police tactics have become more

53.                Those most heavily involved in a crack cocaine boom in the late 1980s are no longer offending.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

PREFACE NAME:               3.1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.08 – 03.08

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Understand

 

50.                The crime rate is based on reports from state and local law enforcement and these reports may be affected in what way?

51.                a. Political pressure from politicians to show progress in fighting crime may artificially lower the numbers being

52.                Police department may falsely report increased criminal activity in order to demand more resources. c. Lower crime rates may show the need to revise police tactics.

53.                There are really no pressures on police departments to alter their crime statistics in any way.

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

PREFACE NAME:               3.1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Understand

 

Several years ago store manager Richard Moore was found not guilty of sexually abusing an employee in O’Fallon, Illinois, because investigators could not match his DNA to physical evidence found near the alleged incident. A separate civil court, however, ruled that Moore had sexually abused the woman and ordered his employer, the furniture chain Aaron’s, to pay her $41 million in damages.

51.                The burden of proof used in Moore’s criminal trial was a. beyond a reasonable doubt

52.                preponderance of the evidence c. criminal liability

53.                probable cause

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

 

52.                The burden of proof used in Moore’s civil trial was a. beyond a reasonable doubt

53.                preponderance of the evidence c. criminal liability

54.                probable cause

 

ANSWER:                b

REFERENCES:      Classifications of Crime

PREFACE NAME:  3.2

KEYWORDS:          Bloom’s: Apply

 

53.                In which court is it easier to get a verdict of guilty?

54.                a. civil court

55.                criminal court c. appeals court d. district court

 

ANSWER:                             a

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.02 – 03.02

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

54.                In civil court, Moore was found for his actions. a. irresponsible

55.                guilty

56.                c. not guilty liable

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

55.                In at least in the case of Moore, civil court may be more to victim’s rights than criminal court. a. harsh

56.                impartial c. limited

57.                conducive

 

ANSWER:                             d

REFERENCES:                    Classifications of Crime

PREFACE NAME:               3.2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.01 – 03.01

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Apply

 

Completion

 

56.                In recent years, crime rates have steadily .

 

ANSWER:                             decreased

REFERENCES:                    Crime Trends in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.07 – 03.07

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember

 

57.                are a method of collecting crime data that relies on participants to reveal their own criminal or deviant behavior.

 

ANSWER:                             Self-report surveys

REFERENCES:                    Measuring Crime in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CJIA.GAMI.15.03.04 – 03.04

KEYWORDS:                        Bloom’s: Remember