Ecology Concepts And Applications 4th Canadian Edition by Manuel C Molles -Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
Life in Water
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which
of the following vertical aquatic zones is correctly ordered from top to bottom?
A.bathypelagic, mesopelagic, epipelagic, abyssal, hadal
B. epipelagic,
mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssal, hadal
C. abyssal, bathypelagic, hadal, mesopelagic, epipelagic
D. epipelagic, bathypelagic, mesopelagic, hadal, abyssal
E. mesopelagic, abyssal, epipelagic, hadal, bathypelagic
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
2. All
of the following statements concerning the hydrologic cycle are true, except:
A.It is powered by solar energy.
B. Evaporation moves water to the atmosphere.
C. Transpiration
returns water to the earth’s surface.
D. Reservoirs include lakes, rivers oceans and ice.
E. Precipitation returns water to the earth’s surface.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
The hydrologic cycle exchanges water among reservoirs.
Topic: 03-01 The
Hydrologic Cycle
3. A
species that is endemic to a certain environment
A.is
found only within that environment and in no others
B. is found well within the environment and not near its boundaries
C. is found under the surface soils of that environment (e.g. in the
benthic and hyporheic zones)
D. has its ancestors in that environment, but may have since spread to
other environments
E. is found only in aquatic environments within an ecosystem
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
4. Coral
reefs are usually found:
A.all throughout the ocean
B. along the continental shelves
C. only in the deep ocean
D. between
0 and 30 degrees N and S latitude
E. in kelp forests
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-04 Shallow
Marine Waters: Kelp Forests and Coral Gardens
5. As a
scuba diver descends offshore in the northern Atlantic Ocean, in what order
will he pass through the various layers of a kelp forest?
A.stipes, holdfasts, canopy
B. canopy,
stipes, holdfasts
C. holdfasts, gyres, stipes
D. canopy, gyres, holdfasts
E. holdfasts, stipes, canopy
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-04 Shallow
Marine Waters: Kelp Forests and Coral Gardens
6. A
scuba diver is diving off the coast of British Columbia, eager to explore the
underwater environment. Which of the following is she most likely to encounter?
A.A barrier reef
B. An atoll
C. A boreal forest
D. A fringing reef
E. A
kelp forest
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-04 Shallow
Marine Waters: Kelp Forests and Coral Gardens
7. Which
of the following types of coral reefs forms a lagoon between itself and land?
A.fringing reef
B. barrier
reef
C. coral atoll
D. kelp reef
E. littoral reef
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-04 Shallow
Marine Waters: Kelp Forests and Coral Gardens
8. Which
of the following is not associated with reefs?
A.atoll
B. barrier
C. kelp
D. fringing
E. reef crests
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-04 Shallow
Marine Waters: Kelp Forests and Coral Gardens
9. An
estuary is the junction between ________________ and _________________.
A.river;
sea
B. sea; land
C. land; river
D. estuary; land
E. mangrove; sea
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-02 Life in Water
and the Aquatic Environments
10.
A second order stream is formed when:
A.streams originate at the headwaters
B. two
first order streams meet
C. a first and a second order stream meet
D. a stream becomes braided
E. a first order stream meets a third order stream
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
11.
According to the river continuum the main energy source for:
A.small
headwater streams is CPOM.
B. small headwater streams is FPOM.
C. small headwater streams is phytoplankton.
D. large rivers is phytoplankton.
E. large rivers is CPOM.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
12.
All of the following statements concerning oligotrophic lakes
are true, except:
A.warm
temperatures.
B. low nutrients.
C. high oxygen content.
D. deep and clear waters.
E. low biological productivity.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
13.
Eutrophic lakes are characterized by:
A.high oxygen content.
B. cool temperatures.
C. high
nutrient levels.
D. deep and clear waters.
E. low biological productivity.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
14.
Global oceanic water circulation systems are termed:
A.upwellings.
B. atolls.
C. ebbs.
D. gyres.
E. pulses.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
15.
Rivers with the highest salinity tend to be those that flow
through:
A.deserts
B. tropical forests
C. temperate forests
D. taiga
E. tundra
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
16.
Most invertebrates in a stream are:
A.lotic
B. lentic
C. benthic
D. pelagic
E. riparian
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
17.
Which of the following river dimension definitions is/are incorrect?
A.active channel: riparian zone with seasonal flooding
B. wetted channel: water laden year around
C. riffle: current of water
D. phreatic
zone: transition from riparian to water column
E. hyporheic zone: transition between surface water and ground water
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
18.
What percentage of the earth’s water supply is freshwater in
rivers, lakes, and actively exchanged groundwater?
A.97%
B. 71%
C. 2%
D. <1%
E. 16%
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-01
The hydrologic cycle exchanges water among reservoirs.
Topic: 03-01 The
Hydrologic Cycle
19.
The turnover time for atmospheric water is:
A.days
to weeks.
B. months to years.
C. years to decades.
D. decades to centuries.
E. centuries to millennia.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-01
The hydrologic cycle exchanges water among reservoirs.
Topic: 03-01 The
Hydrologic Cycle
20.
The Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean:
A.Carries warm water to the poles
B. Carries cool water to the tropics to get warmed up
C. Moderates the temperatures of northeastern Canada
D. Moderates
the temperatures of northwestern Europe
E. Moderates the temperatures of the central Atlantic
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
21.
The most significant photosynthetic inhabitants of the upper,
epipelagic zone of the open ocean are:
A.phytoplankton.
B. zooplankton.
C. kelp.
D. coral.
E. zooxanthellae.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
22.
Bogs and fens are characterized by all of the following, except:
A.pH
B. anaerobic environments
C. water-logged “soils”
D. high
salinity
E. nutrient limitation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-07 Peatlands:
Bogs and Fens
23.
Salt marshes tend to be found at __________; while mangrove
forests are found at ______.
A.low latitudes; mid to high latitudes
B. mid
to high latitudes; low latitudes
C. sea level; inland estuaries
D. inland estuaries; sea level
E. low tide; high tide
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-02 Life in Water
and the Aquatic Environments
24.
Which of the following non-native species have not been
introduced into the Great Lakes?
A.alewife
B. sea lamprey
C. zebra mussel
D. spiny water flea
E. three-spined
stickleback
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
25.
Construction of surface water storage systems such as reservoirs
can alter the hydrologic cycle by significantly:
A.reducing precipitation
B. increasing evaporation
C. increasing
turnover times
D. reducing condensation
E. reducing percolation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-03
A variety of different human activities affect the physical, chemical, and
biological properties of aquatic systems.
Topic: 03-08 Human
Influences on Aquatic Systems
26.
The distribution of organisms living in aquatic environments is
strongly influenced by all of the following gradients, except:
A.light
B. oxygen
C. temperature
D. food
E. pH
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-02 Life in Water
and the Aquatic Environments
27.
Marine environments and freshwater lakes are fundamentally
different in all of the following aspects, except:
A.salinity
B. quantity of water stored
C. renewal times
D. distribution
of organisms in relation to physical and chemical gradients
E. extent of water movements
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in physical
factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to chemical factors
such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-02 Life in Water
and the Aquatic Environments
28.
What component of the hydrological cycle is most impacted by
human activity?
A.quantity of water in the atmosphere
B. quantity of water in the ocean
C. quantity
of water in freshwater systems
D. the rate of evaporation and transpiration
E. the rate of precipitation
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-03
A variety of different human activities affect the physical, chemical, and
biological properties of aquatic systems.
Topic: 03-08 Human
Influences on Aquatic Systems
29.
Which of the following is true about the River Continuum
Concept?
A.It describes how nutrients are transported by rivers flowing into marine
environments.
B. It
describes how the biological communities in temperate rivers are linked to
energy sources around and within the rivers.
C. It explains how the riverine biological community is influenced by
light conditions.
D. It suggests that the biological communities in all rivers are linked to
energy sources within the rivers.
E. It describes how the diversity of biological communities in desert
rivers are dependent on the availability of nutrients and a variety of food sources.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
30.
The concentration of oxygen in aquatic environments is directly influenced
by all of the following factors, except:
A.the number of decomposers
B. the number of photosynthetic organisms
C. the number of consumers
D. temperature
E. light
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
31.
Global warming is likely to result in which of the following?
A.More coral reefs and kelp forests
B. Fewer
peat bogs
C. Greater diversity of organisms in coral reefs
D. Greater diversity of organisms in fresh water rivers and lakes
E. More rivers and higher water levels
Blooms: Apply
Learning Objective: 03-03
A variety of different human activities affect the physical, chemical, and
biological properties of aquatic systems.
Topic: 03-08 Human
Influences on Aquatic Systems
32.
Which of the following are you unlikely to find in a bog?
A.mosses
B. carnivorous plants
C. insects
D. trees
E. dead plant material
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-07 Peatlands:
Bogs and Fens
33.
Which of the following is not a condition required for the
development of peat bogs?
A.high
salinity
B. low pH and low oxygen
C. water input is greater than water output
D. decomposition rates are lower than production rates
E. cool temperatures
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-07 Peatlands:
Bogs and Fens
34.
Man-made reservoirs and dams can alter ecosystems in significant
ways. Which is the following is NOT true about the effects of these structures?
A.They impede the natural flow regime of water
B. They eliminate flood pulses that renew resources
C. They alter temperatures
D. They impede the movement of migratory fish
E. They
increase species diversity
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-03
A variety of different human activities affect the physical, chemical, and
biological properties of aquatic systems.
Topic: 03-08 Human
Influences on Aquatic Systems
True / False Questions
35.
When you walk into a lake to go swimming, you walk from the
shore through the limnetic zone and then swim in the deeper waters of the
littoral zone.
FALSE
The shallow littoral zone is closer to the shore and the
limnetic zone has deeper, often stratified water.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
36.
Eutrophic lakes tend to have a greater diversity of species than
oligotrophic lakes.
FALSE
Eutrophic lakes, while they have high nutrients, tend to have
lower species diversity because it narrows the range of environments in which
the organisms can live and increases the number of organisms. This leads to
greater competition for resources and ultimately a lower number of species.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
37.
Rivers at higher latitudes have a higher species diversity than those
at lower latitudes.
FALSE
Tropical rivers (lower latitudes) have a greater species
diversity.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-05 Running
Waters: Rivers and Streams
38.
Oceanic systems are notable for the high number of endemic phyla
found in them.
TRUE
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-02 Life in Water
and the Aquatic Environments
39.
Oceanic upwellings bring nutrient rich waters to the west coast
of South America.
TRUE
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-03 The Oceans
40.
The fall and spring turnovers (mixing of water) in a temperate
lake involves the wind.
TRUE
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
41.
During late fall and early spring, a temperate lake has a
uniform water temperature.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
42.
The temperature of the hypolimnion in a temperate lake is much
higher in the summer than it is in the winter.
FALSE
The temperature of the hypolimnion is constant throughout the year.
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
43.
Green colour in lakes is a sign of eutrophication.
TRUE
Blooms: Remember
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
44.
Limnetic spring and fall turnovers (water mixing) bring
oxygen-poor water to the hypolimnion and nutrient-rich water to the epilimnion.
FALSE
Nutrient-rich water is brought to the hypolimnion and
oxygen-poor water is brought to the epilimnion during spring and fall turnover.
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
45.
Forty percent (40%) of the earth’s surface freshwater is found
within 6 lakes.
TRUE
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-02
The biology of aquatic environments corresponds broadly to variations in
physical factors such as light, temperature, and water movements and to
chemical factors such as salinity and oxygen.
Topic: 03-06 Still Waters:
Lakes and Ponds
46.
Less than 1% of the earth’s water is in an accessible form to
humans.
TRUE
Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 03-01
The hydrologic cycle exchanges water among reservoirs.
Topic: 03-01 The
Hydrologic Cycle
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