Environmental Science A Global Concern 13Th Edition by William Cunningham – Test Bank
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Sample Test
Chapter 03
Matter, Energy, and Life
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Ecologists
study:
A. Living things and their genetic makeup
B. Genetic patterns and the chemistry in them
C. The physical world and its processes
D. The Earth and its processes
E.
Relationships between organisms and their environment
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Ecology
2. How
are matter and mass related?
A. Mass
is a component of matter.
B. Neither matter nor mass take up space.
C. Matter is a component of mass.
D. Both matter and mass take up space.
E. Mass takes up space, while matter does not take up space.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
3. Water
vapor, water, and ice are examples of:
A. Types of matter
B.
Phases of matter
C. Transfers of energy into matter
D. Forms of energy
E. Types of mass
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
4. What implication(s)
does the law of conservation of matter have for humans?
A. We cannot create energy because it is neither created nor destroyed.
B. As matter is recycled, it loses some of its integrity, so we need to
be careful when we dispose of goods.
C. Natural resources are unlimited because they are used and reused by
living organisms.
D.
Disposable goods are not going “away” when we throw them out.
E. All of these are implications of the law of conservation of matter.
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
5. The
law of conservation of matter tells us that matter:
A. Can never be reused
B. Needs to be conserved or it will not be available for future
generations
C. Can be destroyed
D. Can be conserved by some adaptive strategies
E.
Is used repeatedly
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
6. The
smallest particle that exhibits the characteristics of a chemical element is
known as a(n):
A. Molecule
B. Microorganism
C.
Atom
D. Phase of matter
E. Isotope
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
7. A
compound is composed of _________.
A. Elements
B. Isotopes
C.
Atoms
D. Molecules
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
8. In
chemical terms, water (H2O) would best be
described as a(n):
A. Element
B. Atom
C. Ion
D.
Compound
E. Isotope
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
9. Which
of the following is NOT a
molecule?
A. O3
B. O2
C. H2O
D. C6H12O6
E.
Na+
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
10.
The distinction between an organic compound and an inorganic
compound is that organic compounds contain:
A. Carbon-Oxygen bonds
B. Water
C.
Carbon-Carbon bonds
D. Nitrogen-Carbon bonds
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
11.
Which of the following is NOT a type of organic molecule?
A.Lipids
B. Salts
C. Nucleic Acids
D. Proteins
E. Carbohydrates
12.
A fat or oil is to a _______, as an enzyme is to a _______.
A. Nucleic acid; lipid
B. Protein; nucleic acid
C. Nucleic acid; carbohydrate
D. Carbohydrate; protein
E.
Lipid; protein
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
13.
Nucleic acid is to _______, as lipid is to _______.
A. Cellular membrane structure; energy storage
B. Cellulose structure; genetic storage
C. Energy storage; cellulose structure
D.
Genetic storage; cellular membrane structure
E. Energy storage; genetic storage
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
14.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains billions of atoms and is
very large. It would be considered a(n):
A. Element
B. Enzyme
C.
Compound
D. Mega-atom
E. Isotope
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
15.
A cell is:
A. The smallest molecule exhibiting organic characteristics
B. A building block for DNA
C. A small organic compound made of carbon, water, and nitrogen
D. Made up of DNA
E.
The smallest unit in which life processes go on
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
16.
An enzyme ____________ a chemical reaction and
______________ so it is ready to perform the reaction again.
A. catalyzes;
is not consumed as it is used
B. speeds up; organizes pieces together to form something different
C. slows; is not consumed as it is used
D. initiates; provides the energy to put something together
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
17.
Metabolism is a collective term for thousands of:
A. Organic compounds in a cell
B.
Enzymatic reactions necessary for life
C. Cells in an organism
D. Molecular reactions in a cell
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
18.
Which of the following is a form of energy?
A.Electricity
B. Food
C. Heat
D. Light
E. All
of these are forms of energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
19.
Potential energy is _______ energy.
A.Electrical
B. Motion
C. Stored
D. Heat
E. Latent
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
20.
The motion of a rock rolling downhill is known as __________
energy.
A.Kinetic
B. Latent
C. Potential
D. Electrical
E. Mechanical
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
21.
Which of the following has the highest quality energy?
A.A warm brick
B. An
intense fire
C. A flowing stream
D. A rock rolling downhill
E. Hot air
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
22.
The first law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of
matter are similar in that
A. Under
normal circumstances neither energy nor matter is created nor destroyed.
B. Both energy and matter flow in a one-way path through biological
systems.
C. Under normal circumstances energy and matter are created as they pass
through biological systems.
D. The first law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of matter
are not similar.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
23.
The second law of thermodynamics states that as energy moves
through different forms and systems, it gradually:
A. Becomes more concentrated
B.
Dissipates and becomes unavailable
C. Disappears and is lost
D. Accumulates in the form of electricity
E. Changes from kinetic to potential energy
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
24.
As energy is used and transformed, it gradually becomes _______
quality and _______ concentrated.
A. Higher; more
B. Lower; more
C. Higher; less
D.
Lower; less
E. As energy is used, it does not become transformed; there is no change
in quality, and it stays the same concentration
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
25.
What implication(s) does the second law of thermodynamics have
for biological systems regarding entropy?
A. Systems cannot create energy because it is neither created nor destroyed.
B. With each transformation, less energy is available to do work, so
older systems have less energy.
C.
A constant supply of energy is necessary for maintenance of biological systems.
D. Energy is unlimited because it is used and reused by living organisms.
E. None of these is an implication of the second law of thermodynamics.
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.02
Topic: Energy
26.
Photosynthesis is the process of converting __________ into
__________ energy.
A.Chemical bond energy; kinetic
B. Sunlight;
chemical bond
C. Solar energy; kinetic
D. Solar electrical energy; heat
E. Chemical bond energy; potential
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.03
Topic: Photosynthesis
27.
On the electromagnetic spectrum of energy wavelengths, visible
light falls nearest to:
A. Gamma radiation
B. Radio waves
C.
Infrared radiation
D. X-rays
E. Microwaves
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.03
Topic: Photosynthesis
28.
About ___________ percent of the solar energy that falls on
plants is captured for photosynthesis.
A. 100
B. 60–70
C. 40–50
D. 10–20
E.
1–2
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.03
Topic: Photosynthesis
29.
Photosynthesis produces sugars from
A. Water,
carbon dioxide, and solar energy
B. Water, other sugars, and oxygen
C. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water
D. Carbon dioxide, enzymes, and solar energy
E. Oxygen, water, and solar energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.03
Topic: Photosynthesis
30.
The process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are
similar as that they both
A. Capture energy in the form of sugar
B. Occur in all living organisms
C.
Store energy in the form of ATP
D. Capture energy from the sun
E. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are not similar, they are
opposite processes
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.03
Topic: Respiration
31.
The process of cellular respiration:
A. Helps primary producers store energy accumulated by chloroplasts
B.
Utilizes energy from chemical bonds of molecules, such as glucose
C. Eliminates the need for enzymes in metabolism
D. Does not occur in primary producers
E. Does not occur in detritivores
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.03
Topic: Respiration
32.
The process of __________ allows organisms to use inorganic
molecules as an energy source.
A.phosphorylation
B. photosynthesis
C. cellular respiration
D. chemosynthesis
33.
Producers and consumers rely on ____________ to release chemical
energy stored as ATP.
A.Metabolism
B. Photosynthesis
C. Cellular
respiration
D. Chemosynthesis
E. The sun
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.03
Topic: Respiration
34.
Although there are exceptions, in general, a species includes
all organisms that are similar enough to:
A. Produce
fertile offspring in nature
B. Look alike
C. Fill the same niche
D. Occupy the same community
E. Live together
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
35.
All members of a species that live in the same area, at the same
time, make up a(n):
A. Species
B. Ecosystem
C. Community
D.
Population
E. Biome
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
36.
A biological community consists of all:
A. Populations
living and interacting in an area
B. Members of a species living in the same area
C. Living things on Earth
D. Populations of a given species
E. Members of a species living in the same biome
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
37.
An ecosystem consists of:
A. A physical environment within which a biological community lives
B. The species with which a biological community interacts
C.
A biological community and its physical environment
D. The primary producers within a biological community
E. All the species in a biological community
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
38.
If an ecosystem exchanges both matter and energy with its
surroundings, it would be referred to as a(n) ______ system.
A.Closed
B. Open
C. Dynamic
D. Isolated
E. Interactive
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
39.
Many ecologists think of ecosystems and even the Earth as a
superorganism because its systems appear to be:
A. Unregulated
B.
Self-regulating and self-stabilizing
C. Completely unpredictable
D. Unchangeable
E. Hierarchical
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
40.
Productivity in an ecosystem has to do with:
A. The efficiency of its primary producers
B. The number of different species living in the ecosystem
C. Its longevity
D. The combined metabolic rate of the biological communities
E.
Its rate of producing biomass
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
41.
Biomass includes all:
A. Material in an ecosystem
B. Things that are living at a given time
C. Living and nonliving things
D. Matter produced by primary producers
E.
Biological material
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
42.
A simple linked feeding series such as grass-rabbit-wolf is
known as a(n):
A. Energy cycle
B. Food web
C. Carbon cycle
D.
Food chain
E. Food cycle
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
43.
Primary consumers are also known as:
A. Carnivores
B. Scavengers
C. Decomposers
D.
Herbivores
E. Top carnivores
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
44.
Omnivores eat mainly:
A. Detritivores
B. Plants
C. Animals
D. Dead plants and animals
E.
Plants and animals
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
45.
Detritivores, scavengers, and decomposers are all similar
as they:
A. Consume
nonliving organic matter
B. Are primarily microorganisms
C. Are primary producers
D. Are among the Earth’s least useful organisms
E. Consume abiotic material
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
46.
Energy enters a system as sunlight and a producer is able to
produce 10 kilograms of tissue. If eaten, the producer would produce about
______ kilogram(s) of consumer tissue that would provide about __________
kilogram(s) of tissue for a secondary consumer.
A. 100; 10
B. 10; 1
C. 100; 1
D.
1; 0.1
E. 10; 0.1
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
47.
Which of the following does not cycle repeatedly through the
Earth’s ecosystems?
A.Water
B. Nitrogen
C. Matter
D. Carbon
E. Energy
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
48.
Living vegetation and the ocean are known as “carbon sinks”
because:
A. They are made of carbon.
B. They create carbon.
C. They destroy carbon.
D.
They store carbon.
E. Due to gravity, carbon is found closer to the ground.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
49.
Nitrogen is an essential component of:
A. Amino
acids and proteins
B. Organic molecules
C. Sugars, the product of photosynthesis
D. The hydrologic cycle
E. Carbohydrates
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
50.
Which of the following is not a step in the global nitrogen
cycle?
A.Nitrogen fixation
B. Nitrification
C. Photosynthesis
D. Ammonification
E. Denitrification
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
51.
Phosphorus cycles through the Earth’s ecosystems:
A. Extremely quickly
B.
Very slowly
C. Only when activated by human activity
D. Very rarely
E. Quickly when humans burn large amounts of fossil fuels
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
52.
Which of the following biogeochemical cycles does not have an atmospheric
phase?
A.Hydrologic cycle
B. Nitrogen cycle
C. Sulfur cycle
D. Carbon cycle
E. Phosphorous
cycle
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
53.
Human activities such as the ____________ release large
quantities of sulfur.
A.Burning
of fossil fuels
B. Burning of wood
C. Use of synthetic fertilizers
D. Use of detergents
E. Cultivation of sulfur-fixing crops
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
True / False Questions
54.
The amount of energy in the universe is believed to be the same
as it was billions of years ago.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.02
Topic: Ecology
55.
Water molecules readily dissolve ionic substances such as sugar
because of the covalent bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
56.
Acids and bases are highly reactive; therefore, they can cause
important environmental problems.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 03.01
Topic: Matter
57.
Approximately one-half of the energy available in an organism is
transferred to the consumer that eats it.
FALSE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.04
Topic: Ecology
Essay Questions
58.
Which of the following statements is false?
I. Nutrients are cycled in the ecosphere in biogeochemical cycles.
II. Elements in the rock cycle are generally cycled slower than elements in
gaseous cycles.
III. Biogeochemical cycles are driven by the sun and by gravity.
IV. There are three types of biogeochemical cycles: air, water, and land.
V. The hydrologic cycle involves the ocean, air, land, and living organisms.
Change the false answer above to a true statement.
IV is false. There are many types of biogeochemical cycles,
including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
59.
Using examples, compare and contrast the cycling of energy
through biological systems and biogeochemical cycles.
Points awarded on depth and accuracy of answer. Answer should
mention sunlight as the starting point for all energy and transfer of energy
through living things in the food chain/web (including energy lost as heat
along each step of the pathway).
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
60.
Outline the path of a carbon atom as it moves through the carbon
cycle. Do not include human influences.
Should include the following: carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,
taken up by photosynthesis and released by cellular respiration (same in the
oceans); carbon stored in the oceans; carbon deposits (dead organisms) forming
calcium carbonate (limestone) on the ocean floor; carbon deposition from dead
plants and animals millions of years ago formed today’s fossil fuels.
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 03.05
Topic: Ecology
Chapter 05
Biomes
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A
biome is described by:
A. A specified bioregion
B.
Broadly similar environmental conditions
C. A watershed divide, generally
D. Geographic location
E. Large landforms in the area
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
2. Location
of specific biomes can be predicted based on:
A. The coriolis effect
B. The second law of thermodynamics
C.
Precipitation and temperature
D. Seasonal variations in sunspots
E. Large landforms in the area
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
3. In
the graph of precipitation and temperature, desert biomes would fall in the
area marked by the letter:
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
4. In
the graph of precipitation and temperature, temperate forest biomes would fall
in the area marked by the letter:
A. A
B.
B
C. C
D. D
E. E
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
5. Neo
and Trinity are in a biome that has relatively stable temperatures and abundant
rainfall. They have a graph of precipitation and temperature similar to the one
shown. Which letter marks the biome they are located in?
A. A
B. B
C.
C
D. D
E. E
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
6. In
the graph of precipitation and temperature, the area marked A has a:
A. Wide precipitation range and narrow temperature range
B. Narrow precipitation and temperature range
C. Wide precipitation and temperature range
D.
Wide temperature range and narrow precipitation range
E. Varying temperature and narrow precipitation range
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
7. In
the graph of precipitation and temperature, the area marked D has a
A.Wide precipitation range and narrow temperature range
B. Narrow
precipitation and temperature range
C. Wide precipitation and temperature range
D. Wide temperature range and narrow precipitation range
E. None of the choices is correct
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
8. Cloud
forests are found in the ________ areas in tropical regions.
A. Hot coastal
B.
Cool mountainous
C. Cool plains
D. Low elevation
E. Valley
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
9. Neo
finds himself sweating in a moist forest but there aren’t many streams or
wetlands. He is amazed by the tremendous amount of biodiversity including an abundance
of biting mosquitoes. Has he inadvertently gotten closer to his goal of finding
a boreal forest?
A. Yes
B. No, the description is that of a tropical seasonal forest
C. No, the description is that of a temperate deciduous forest
D.
No, the description is that of a tropical rainforest
E. No, the description is that of a temperate rainforest
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
10.
A biome absent from Europe is the:
A. Temperate deciduous forest
B. Alpine tundra
C. Desert
D.
Tropical rainforest
E. Temperate rainforest
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
11.
Which of the following is an example of a specialization that
plants in the desert may have?
A.Storing water in stems or roots
B. Reducing water loss with thick epidermal layers
C. Salt tolerance
D. All
of these are adaptations of plants living in desert conditions
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
12.
Deserts are characterized by
A.An absence of vegetation
B. Sand dunes, which cause plants to grow only with difficulty
C. Low
levels of measurable precipitation
D. Their location at 30° latitude
E. Sand or gravel
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
13.
Humid tropical forests have extraordinary biological diversity
A.Because of the very fertile tropical soils
B. Because rainfall dissolves soil nutrients and makes them available to
plants
C. Despite a complete absence of nutrients in the environment
D. Despite
the poor, weathered soils
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
14.
Tropical seasonal forests are specially adapted to tolerate
A.Annual cycles of extreme heat and extreme cold
B. Years of drought followed by years of rain
C. Annual
cycles of severe drought and heavy rain
D. Extreme drought and cold at the same time
E. Extreme heat
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
15.
In contrast with the ______________, the soil of the
______________ is more nutrient-rich and this type of biome has fewer insects,
parasites, and fungal diseases. Therefore, in many places, these areas are
highly endangered.
A. Temperate grasslands; tropical seasonal forest
B.
Tropical rainforest; tropical seasonal forest
C. Grasslands; boreal forests
D. Tropical seasonal forest; tropical rainforest
E. Boreal forests; tundra
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
16.
You are in an area that is relatively hot. You bend down and
notice that there are tracks in the soil that are very old. Since you know that
this area is easily destroyed by human activity and the harsh climate slows
recovery from human damage, you conclude that this biome is
A. A tropical dry forest
B.
A desert
C. Tundra
D. A grassland
E. A wetland
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
17.
What is unique about the Mediterranean climate area biome?
A.It is a highly desirable place to live
B. It is only found in the Mediterranean area
C. It has very poor soil but supports an extremely diverse array of
species
D. It has a large total area
E. It
contains a high number of unique species
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
18.
The word “conifer” distinguishes plants that are
A. Needle-bearing
B.
Cone-bearing
C. Evergreen
D. Cone-shaped
E. Found in northern latitudes
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
19.
Morpheus, Trinity, and Neo are on the wet western coast of North
America and as they look around, they see lots of mosses, lichens, and ferns
covering the tree branches. Condensation from fog on the leaves is a major form
of precipitation. Where are they?
A. Temperate
rainforest
B. Boreal forest
C. Tropical rainforest
D. Southern pine forest
E. Tropical savannah
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
20.
Deciduous forests
A.Are adapted to extremely cold climates
B. Have trees that bear seeds in cones
C. Have
trees that shed their leaves seasonally
D. Are not useful commercially
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
21.
Many people in the United States take trips in the spring to see
annual flowers that grow and flower before they are shaded by canopy. Where are
these people going?
A.Deserts after winter rain showers
B. Prairies or grasslands
C. Tropical rainforests
D. Temperate
deciduous forests
E. Boreal forests
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
22.
Having needle-shaped leaves benefits plants because needles
A. Reduce
water loss and endure cold winters
B. Are more efficient at photosynthesis because they are dark green
C. Help evaporate water more efficiently
D. Do not rot in the excessive rainfall that characterizes coniferous
forests
E. Are less resistant to strong winds
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
23.
Trinity and Neo are in an area that has many lakes and bogs. The
majority of the trees are coniferous. As they look around, they also see deciduous
trees, including birches, aspens, and maples. What type of forest are they in?
A. Temperate rainforest
B.
Boreal forest
C. Tropical rainforest
D. Southern pine forest
E. Coastal forest
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
24.
Boreal forests are generally
A.Cold and dry, with extensive barren areas
B. Warm and humid, with large rivers
C. Dry because water is frozen most of the year
D. Slow-growing
because of the cold temperatures
E. Soggy in the summer because of permafrost
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
25.
In what continent would you find a polar desert?
A. Australia
B. South America
C.
Antarctica
D. Africa
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
26.
Vertical zonation shows that not only do different biomes occur
at different latitudes, but also at different ______________.
A. longitudes
B. seasons
C.
altitudes
D. right ascensions and declinations
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
27.
Tree growth in the taiga is limited by
A.The increased soil salt content from ocean tides
B. Intense heat and dryness
C. Competition from fast-growing grasses
D. The lack of large predators
E. Extreme
cold and short summers
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
28.
Tundra biomes occur
A.At high latitudes, where temperatures are low
B. Where rainfall is too great for tree growth
C. Only at high latitudes
D. Almost exclusively on Antarctica
E. At
high latitudes and altitudes, where the growing season is short
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
29.
Morpheus has been led into a wilderness environment and left to
fend for himself for the summer. Luckily, he has a good coat because it looks
like there may be a frost during the night and the mosquitoes are everywhere.
As he looks around, he is relieved because he recognizes some of the plants.
There are some mosses, lichens, small shrubs, sedges, and grasses. Which biome
is he in?
A. Tropical rainforest
B. Wetland
C. Temperate rainforest
D.
Tundra
E. Coastal area
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
30.
The biome type that has a short growing season and is summer
feeding and breeding grounds for caribou and musk-ox is the
A. Temperate grassland
B. Bog or fen
C. Boreal forest
D.
Arctic tundra
E. Arctic desert
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
31.
Coral reefs form in
A. Deep, warm tropical seas
B. Cold polar seas
C.
Warm, clear tropical seas
D. Deep, cold oceans off continental shelves
E. Nutrient-rich coastal areas
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
32.
Mangrove trees are found along ________________ shorelines.
A. Tropical freshwater
B.
Tropical saltwater
C. Temperate freshwater
D. Temperate saltwater
E. Tropical and temperate saltwater
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
33.
Why are the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Antarctic waters
the most productive?
A. Phytoplankton grow there because they do not like direct sunlight.
B.
Cold water holds the most dissolved oxygen and can therefore support greater
numbers of phytoplankton.
C. Those waters are the most violently mixed, bringing up nutrients
from the depths of the ocean.
D. The melt waters of the nearby ice have nutrients that are released in
high quantities, fertilizing the phytoplankton.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
34.
_________ is the basis of marine food webs.
A.Coral
B. Phytoplankton
C. Minnows
D. Sea grass
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
35.
_____________ is where fresh water mixes with ocean water.
A.A swamp
B. A mangrove forest
C. A delta
D. An
estuary
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
36.
Which of the following protects mainland shores from the force
of waves?
A. Wetlands
B.
Barrier islands
C. Coral islands
D. Estuaries
E. Volcanic islands
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
37.
If an organism is described as ‘benthic,” where does it reside?
A. At
the bottom of the ocean or a lake
B. In a cave
C. At the bottom of a lake only
D. At the bottom of the ocean only
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
38.
Coral bleaching occurs when ___________.
A. ocean
temperatures are too warm.
B. during low tide when coral is exposed to the air.
C. when too much sunlight is shining on the coral.
D. when ocean temperatures are too cool.
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
39.
What marine ecosystem is most similar to a tropical rainforest
in terms of diversity?
A. Pelagic zone
B.
Coral reef
C. Estuary
D. Littoral zone
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
40.
Barrier islands are formed of
A.Wind-
and wave-deposited sand
B. Volcanic debris
C. Silt and mud left by estuaries
D. Coral deposits
E. Coral reef formations
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
41.
Freshwater ecosystems
A. Lack oxygen
B. Lack carbon dioxide
C.
Include lakes, marshes, bogs, and fens
D. Do not contain thermoclines
E. Are not affected by nutrient availability
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
42.
What environmental factor does not change between “b” and “e” in
the diagram?
A.Light penetration
B. Temperature
C. Nutrient availability
D. Oxygen content
E. All
of these change between “b” and “e.”
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
43.
Oxygen levels are lowest in what section in the diagram?
A.A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
44.
What aquatic ecosystem phenomenon is illustrated in the diagram?
A.Nutrient inputs from upstream and uphill
B. Vertical
stratification
C. Nutrient cycling
D. Internal convective currents
E. Horizontal stratification
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
45.
The thermocline is the layer in a lake at which
A.Pollutants are trapped and held
B. Seasonal lake mixing occurs
C. The
warm upper zone meets the cold lower zone
D. Nutrient levels are the lowest
E. Light no longer penetrates enough for photosynthesis to occur
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
46.
Which of the following is NOT a region in a lake ecosystem?
A. Hypolimnion zone
B.
Pelagic zone
C. Epilimnion
D. Littoral zone
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
47.
Wetlands are biomes that
A. Are wet all year round
B.
Are wet at least some of the year
C. Have fresh, not salty, water
D. Receive more rainfall than other ecosystems
E. Have salty, not fresh, water
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
48.
Which type of wetland is noted for producing peat?
A.Swamps
B. Marshes
C. Bogs
and fens
D. Estuaries
E. Coastal areas
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
49.
The difference between a wetland and a swamp is that ________.
A.Wetlands only occur at coastal areas.
B. Wetlands are covered in water according to the tide.
C. A
swamp has trees and a wetland does not.
D. Swamps are always covered in water and wetlands have seasonally high
water levels.
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
50.
The biome type that has lost the greatest percentage of its
original area due to human activities is the
A.Temperate conifer forest
B. Tropical rainforest
C. Temperate
deciduous forest
D. Temperate grassland
E. Tropical grassland
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.04
Topic: Biomes
51.
What percentage of all wetlands has been lost to human
disturbance?
A. 90%
B. 75%
C. 25%
D.
50%
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.04
Topic: Biomes
True / False Questions
52.
The deepest layers of the ocean are relatively devoid of life.
FALSE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
53.
The coral reef is among the most endangered biological
communities.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
54.
Estuaries are noted by biologists because they have few, but
highly specialized biological niches.
FALSE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.02
Topic: Biomes
55.
Wetlands perform a major ecosystem service of trapping and
filtering water as it passes through the wetland area.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.03
Topic: Biomes
56.
Arctic deserts and tundras are the least disturbed by humans
since they are usually unattractive places for humans to live.
TRUE
Bloom’s: 2. Understand
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
Essay Questions
57.
An ecologist from your school who specializes in temperate
forest ecology is touring the rainforests of Peru. You are giving her the first
tour of the primary forest and she comments on the differences she notices
between this ecosystem and the temperate ecosystem she is familiar with. Relate
three of the differences she noted and explain what factors in each ecosystem
lead to the differences.
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
58.
Beginning in an equitorial tropical rainforest, you travel north
to the arctic tundra. Name and desribe all of the terrestrial biomes you pass through
on your journey.
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes
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