Essential Biochemistry 3rd Edition by Charlotte W. Pratt – Kathleen Cornely – test bank
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Sample
Test
Package Title: Pratt &Cornely Test Bank
Course Title: Pratt &Cornely
Chapter Number: 3
Question type: Multiple Choice
1) Which of the following is a characteristic of Chargaff’s
rules?
1. A) A
+ T = C + G
2. B) A
+ G = C + T
3. C) A
+ G = C + U
D)all organisms have identical amounts of all four nucleotides
E)none of the above
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective:Describe the structural features of DNA and
RNA
2) A base found exclusively in DNA is _____ while _____ is found
only in RNA.
A)adenine; cytosine
B)guanine; thymine
C)uracil; adenine
D)cytosine; guanine
E)thymine; uracil
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
3) The purines found in nucleic acids are _____ and _____.
A)adenine; cytosine
B)guanine; thymine
C)uracil; adenine
D)adenine; guanine
E)thymine; uracil
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
4) In DNA, the ribose derivative lacks an _____ on carbon _____.
1. A)
alcohol; 2
B)alcohol; 3
C)amine; 2
D)amine; 3
E)none of the above
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
5) Which of the following is correctly paired with its nucleoside?
A)adenine: adenylate
B)cytosine: cytidinediphosphate
C)guanine: guanosine
D)thymine: thymidylate
E)uridine: uridine triphosphate
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
6) The coenzymes known as NAD+, FAD
and coenzyme A all contain a derivative of _____.
A)adenosine
B)cytidine
C)guanosine
D)thymidine
E)uridine
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
7) What type of bond is made between nucleotides?
A)ester
B)phosphate ester
C)phosphodiester
D)glycosidic
E)none of the above
Answer: C
Difficulty: 1
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
8) The 5¢ end of a polynucleotide contains _____ while the 3¢
end contains _____.
A)a hydroxyl group; a phosphate group
B)a phosphate group; a hydroxyl group
C)a phosphate group; a phosphate group
D)a hydroxyl group; a hydroxyl group
E)none of the above
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
9) The most common base pairs in DNA are _____ and _____.
1. A)
A-T; A-G
2. B)
G-C; C-A
3. C)
T-A; A-U
4. D)
C-G; T-A
5. E)
G-U; A-T
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
10) An A-T base pair consists of _____ H-bond(s); a C-G
base pair consists of _____ H-bond(s).
1. A) 1;
2
2. B) 2;
1
3. C) 2;
2
4. D) 3;
2
5. E) 2;
3
Answer: E
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
11) Which of the following correctly describes the B-DNA double
helix?
A)antiparallel strands
B)right-handed helix
C)base pairs are located in the center of the helix
D)one helical rotation has a rise of 3.4 nm
1. E)
all of the above
Answer: E
Difficulty: Hard
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
12) Differences in structure between a DNA helix and an RNA
helix can predominantly be attributed to the presence of _____ in RNA.
A)uracil
1. B) 2¢
hydroxyl group
2. C) 3¢
hydroxyl group
D)smaller sizes of RNA molecules
E)none of the above
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
13) Which of the following non-covalent interactions is the most
important in maintaining the structure of the double helix?
A)phosphodiester bonds
B)hydrogen bonds
1. C)
London dispersion forces
2. D)
van der Waals interactions
E)ionic interactions
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-1
Learning Objective: Describe the structural features of
DNA and RNA
14) What term describes the process of converting the
information found in DNA into the sequence of a protein?
A)replication
B)transcription
C)translation
D)expression
E)none of the above
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-2
Learning Objective:Summarize the biological roles of DNA and RNA
15) The DNA strand that serves as the template for the synthesis
of RNA is often called the _____.
A)coding strand
B)noncoding strand
C)messenger strand
D)transfer strand
E)transcription strand
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-2
Learning Objective:Summarize the biological roles of DNA and RNA
16) If instead of four different bases in DNA and RNA, there
were six, what is the minimum size of a codon to encode the 20 amino acids
commonly found in proteins?
1. A) 1
2. B) 2
3. C) 3
4. D) 4
E)cannot be determined
Answer: B
Difficulty: Hard
Section Reference: 3-2
Learning Objective:Summarize the biological roles of DNA and RNA
17) The replication of DNA is made possible by the presence of
_____ strands in the double helix of DNA.
A)antiparallel
B)hydrogen bonded
C)complementary
D)genomic
E)none of the above
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-2
Learning Objective:Summarize the biological roles of DNA and RNA
18) Which of the following represents a DNA mutation in the
template strand that would convert serine to cysteine?
1. A)
5¢-GCT-3¢ to 5¢-GCA-3¢
2. B)
5¢-AGC-3¢ to 5¢-TGC-3¢
3. C)
5¢-AGC-3¢ to 5¢-UGC-3¢
4. D)
5¢-AGU-3¢ to 5¢-UGU-3¢
5. E)
5¢-TCG-3¢ to 5¢-TCC-3¢
Answer: A
Difficulty: Hard
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective:Identify the types of information provided by
genomic analysis
19) The triplet code allows many amino acids to be specified by
more than one codon. Such a code is said to be _____.
A)conclusive
B)elusive
C)replicative
D)recursive
E)degenerate
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
20) Bacteria and archaea typically have fewer than _____ genes
while plants and animals typically have greater than _____ genes.
1. A)
200; 1,000
2. B)
500; 2,500
3. C)
1,000; 5,000
4. D) 5,000;
10,000
5. E)
10,000; 100,000
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
21) What term is used to describe short segments of DNA that are
copied many times and inserted randomly in chromosomes?
A)moderately repetitive sequences
B)highly repetitive sequences
C)transposable elements
D)spliced sequences
E)none of the above
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
22) An open reading frame is defined by _____.
A)a start and stop codon
B)homology with other species
C)placement on a genome map
D)presence of transposable elements
E)absence of highly repetitive sequences
Answer: A
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
23) The presence of _____ approximately once in every 1000 base
pairs is what makes each individual human genetically unique.
A)orphan genes
B)horizontal genes
C)homologous genes
D)transposable elements
E)single nucleotide polymorphisms
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
24) A genomic library _____.
A)contains only protein-coding DNA sequences
B)is built from mRNA by reverse transcription
C)is a storehouse of protein structures for a specific organism
D)contains all of an organism’s DNA
E)is best constructed from very short DNA fragments
Answer: D
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
25) In humans, approximately _____ % of the genome encodes
proteins.
1. A) 78
2. B) 45
3. C) 33
4. D) 11
5. E)
1.5
Answer: E
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-3
Learning Objective: Identify the types of information provided
by genomic analysis
26) Incorporation of which of the following would result in
chain termination during sequencing of DNA?
A)dATP
B)dCTP
C)ddTTP
D)dGTP
E)none of the above
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Section Reference: 3-4
Learning Objective: Describe the procedures used to study DNA
27) The results of DNA sequencing are obtained by first
separating different sized pieces of DNA using _____ followed by detection of
the particular dideoxynucleotide using _____.
1. A)
HPLC; NMR
2. B)
HPLC; absorbance spectroscopy
C)electrophoresis; fluorescence spectroscopy
D)electrophoresis; x-ray crystallography
E)none of the above
Answer: C
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-4
Learning Objective: Describe the procedures used to study DNA
28) What reagents are required for the Sanger sequencing method?
A)template, primer, DNA polymerase, mRNA, dNTPs, ddNTP
B)template, primer, DNA polymerase, dNTPs, ddNTP
C)template, primer, DNA polymerase, rRNA, dNTPs, ddNTP
D)template, primer, DNA polymerase, mRNA, dNTPs
E)none of the above
Answer: B
Difficulty: Medium
Section Reference: 3-4
Learning Objective: Describe the procedures used to study DNA
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