Ethics And Issues in Contemporary Nursing 4th Edition by Burkhardt, Margaret A. – Test Bank
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Sample
Test
Chapter 3 Ethical Principles
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The
principle of beneficence requires the nurse to:
|
a. |
promote harm or evil and do
good. |
|
b. |
prevent or remove harm and
do good. |
|
c. |
ask the patient to sign a
survey indicating the nurse has been beneficial to his or her care. |
|
d. |
avoid harm as a consequence
of doing good. |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
2. Having
freedom to make choices about issues that affect one’s life is the principle
of:
|
a. |
respect for persons. |
c. |
beneficence. |
|
b. |
justice. |
d. |
autonomy. |
ANS:
D
PTS: 1
3. ____
is the ethical principle that relates to the concept of faithfulness and the
practice of promise keeping.
|
a. |
Morals |
c. |
Confidentiality |
|
b. |
Fidelity |
d. |
Justice |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
4. The
ethical principle that implies that others are worthy of high regard is:
|
a. |
beneficence. |
c. |
respect for persons. |
|
b. |
fidelity. |
d. |
distributive justice. |
ANS:
C
PTS: 1
5. A
patient requests multiple cosmetic surgeries. At a certain point, the health
care team questions if the overall harm that will result from continuing to do these
procedures outweighs the benefit. This dialogue, weighing harms against
benefits, is more related to which ethical principle?
|
a. |
Beneficence |
c. |
Justice |
|
b. |
Nonmaleficence |
d. |
Veracity |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
6. Informed
consent is a procedure designed to assure which of the following ethical
principles?
|
a. |
Beneficence |
c. |
Fidelity |
|
b. |
Autonomy |
d. |
Nonmaleficence |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
7. A
nurse sees a patient quietly crying in her room. The nurse enters the room, sits
in the chair facing the patient, and says, “Something seems to be troubling
you.” This exchange is an example of the practical application of which of the
following ethical principles?
|
a. |
Beneficence |
c. |
Veracity |
|
b. |
Autonomy |
d. |
Nonmaleficence |
ANS:
A
PTS: 1
8. Three
gravely ill patients are candidates for the only vacant bed in the intensive
care unit. The health care team decides to assign the bed to the patient with
the best chance of recovery. Although many principles apply, the
decision-making process in this case illustrates the application of which of
the following ethical principles?
|
a. |
Respect for persons |
c. |
Beneficence |
|
b. |
Justice |
d. |
Autonomy |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
9. The
ethical principle that requires nurses to uphold the profession’s code of
ethics, to practice within the established scope of practice, and to remain
competent is which of the following?
|
a. |
Beneficence |
c. |
Fidelity |
|
b. |
Autonomy |
d. |
Nonmaleficence |
ANS: C
PTS: 1
10. The
ANA Code of Ethics
for Nurses recognizes that confidentiality:
|
a. |
flows from respect for
persons and is an absolute requirement in all situations. |
|
b. |
is restricted to legal
regulations and definitions. |
|
c. |
is not absolute and may be
modified to protect the patient or other innocent people. |
|
d. |
None of the above |
ANS:
C
PTS: 1
11. The
act of speaking or pleading on another’s behalf is the ethical principle of:
|
a. |
autonomy. |
c. |
fidelity. |
|
b. |
paternalism. |
d. |
advocacy. |
ANS:
D
PTS: 1
12. A
nursing student is completing her community health clinical rotation at a local
hospice. During her clinical day, she learns that a member of her
community is being cared for by the hospice team. Later that evening, she
requests prayer on her social media site for the hospice patient. What
ethical principle has the student violated?
|
a. |
Veracity |
c. |
Fidelity |
|
b. |
Confidentiality |
d. |
Autonomy |
ANS: B
PTS: 1
13. _____________
is a term used to describe the process by which competent patients give
voluntary consent for medical or surgical treatments or biomedical research
after receiving disclosure about potential risks and benefits.
|
a. |
Autonomy |
c. |
Informed consent |
|
b. |
Paternalism |
d. |
Advocacy |
ANS:
C
PTS: 1
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Often
nurses and other health care providers fail to recognize violations of patient
autonomy. Which of the following is an example? Select all that apply.
|
a. |
Nurses failure to recognize
that individual’s thought processes are the same. |
|
b. |
Attentiveness to patient
autonomy is sometimes neglected as the work of nursing becomes the major
focus. |
|
c. |
Nurses may falsely assume
that patients have the same values and goals as themselves. |
|
d. |
Assuming patient have more
knowledge than is reasonable for them to have. |
ANS: B, C,
D PTS:
1
2. What
are the basic elements implied in the concept of autonomy? Select all that
apply.
|
a. |
The autonomous person is
respected. |
|
b. |
The autonomous person does
not have to possess the capacity to decide on a plan of action. |
|
c. |
The autonomous person must
be able to determine goals. |
|
d. |
The autonomous person has
the freedom to act upon the choices. |
|
e. |
The autonomous person never
questions the plan of care. |
ANS: A, C,
D PTS: 1
Chapter 4 Values Clarification
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Axiology
is a branch of philosophy that studies:
|
a. |
ethics. |
c. |
awareness. |
|
b. |
mathematics. |
d. |
values. |
ANS:
D
PTS: 1
2. The
process of becoming more conscious of and naming what we value or consider
worthy is:
|
a. |
journaling. |
c. |
overt values. |
|
b. |
values clarification. |
d. |
values conflict. |
ANS: B
PTS: 1
3. The
aim of values clarification is to facilitate the process of:
|
a. |
instilling personal values. |
c. |
reacting to personal
values. |
|
b. |
teaching personal values. |
d. |
choosing personal values. |
ANS: D
PTS: 1
4. Values
that are implicit in expectations of an institution, but not in writing, are
termed:
|
a. |
formal values. |
c. |
integral values. |
|
b. |
covert values. |
d. |
overt values. |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
5. Nurses
may experience values conflict if:
|
a. |
they develop and adhere to
moral norms over time. |
|
b. |
what they prize and cherish
is at odds with patients. |
|
c. |
what they see in practice
reflects their own beliefs. |
|
d. |
they find a common ground
in dealing with patients. |
ANS:
B
PTS: 1
6. An
institution’s mission statement is a reflection of:
|
a. |
overt values. |
c. |
covert values. |
|
b. |
personal values. |
d. |
implicit values. |
ANS:
A
PTS: 1
7. A
nurse who used to love her job and now frequently exhibits anger,
dissatisfaction, frustration, and poor work performance may be experiencing:
|
a. |
moral awareness. |
c. |
moral distress. |
|
b. |
moral thought. |
d. |
moral values. |
ANS:
C
PTS: 1
8. Values
of individual institutions and organized health care systems that are
explicitly communicated through philosophy and policy statements are called:
|
a. |
formal values. |
c. |
institutional values. |
|
b. |
overt values. |
d. |
covert values. |
ANS: B
PTS: 1
9. Ideals,
beliefs, customs, modes of conduct, qualities, or goals that are highly prized
or preferred by individuals, groups, or society are termed:
|
a. |
thoughts. |
c. |
concepts. |
|
b. |
ethics. |
d. |
values. |
ANS: D
PTS: 1
10. Tools
that may assist a person to expand self-awareness include which of the
following?
|
a. |
Journaling |
|
b. |
Meditation |
|
c. |
Therapy |
|
d. |
Feedback |
|
e. |
All of the above |
ANS:
E
PTS: 1
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Values
are shaped by which of the following? Select all that apply.
|
a. |
Culture |
|
b. |
Ethnicity |
|
c. |
Professional experiences |
|
d. |
Self-awareness |
|
e. |
Education |
ANS: A, B, C, D, E
PTS: 1
2. The
valuing process includes which of the following? Select all that apply.
|
a. |
Promoting beliefs |
|
b. |
Prizing beliefs |
|
c. |
Choosing behaviors |
|
d. |
Acting on beliefs |
|
e. |
Cherishing behaviors |
ANS: B, C, D, E
PTS: 1
3. When
the values of the nurse and those of the patient are different, the patient may
be labeled as which of the following? Select all that apply.
|
a. |
Noncompliant |
|
b. |
Difficult |
|
c. |
Cooperative |
|
d. |
Ignorant |
|
e. |
Confident |
ANS: A, B, D
PTS: 1
4. Statements
that describe values may include which of the following? Select all that apply.
|
a. |
Values are concrete
concepts that reflect what is meaningful and important to individuals. |
|
b. |
Values are learned in
conscious and unconscious ways and become a part of a person’s makeup. |
|
c. |
Values provide direction
and meaning to life. |
|
d. |
Values may be expressed
overtly or in an indirect way. |
|
e. |
Values have little
influence over an individuals’ choices. |
ANS: A, B, C, D PTS:
1
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